Showing posts with label - - - Persons - - -. Show all posts
Showing posts with label - - - Persons - - -. Show all posts

2018-04-02

Sennin Kyotai Osho

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. sennin 仙人と伝説 Legends about Immortals .
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Kyootai Osho 教待和尚 Kyotai Osho, Priest Kyotai

He is Nr. 14 of
. 日本の仙人37人 - The 37 Immortals of Japan .


教待堂 Kyotai Do Hall
at temple Miidera, Shiga, Otsu.

He was an old priest taking care of Miidera until priest 智証大師 Chisho Daishi came to the temple.
In the Kyotaido Hall in honor of Kyotai there is a statue of the priest.



After Chisho's arrival, Kyotai went into a cave and did not come out again.
Later Chisho Daishi put up a stone memorial on the cave.

Since olden times, people who come here to become a monk have their hair cut and offer it on the altar of this hall.
- reference -


. Miidera, Mii-dera 三井寺 Temple Mii .


. Chisho Daishi 智証大師 / 智證大師 / Enchin 圓珍 / 円珍 .
(814 - 891) nephew of Kobo Daishi

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. oshoo 和尚 priest - Introduction .

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. sennin 天狗と仙人伝説 Legends about Tengu and Immortals .

. sennin 仙人と伝説 Legends about Immortals .


. Japan - Shrines and Temples - Index .


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- - #kyotai "kyotaiosho #miidera -
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2018-03-28

Butsusen Buddhist immortals hermits

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. sennin 仙人と伝説 Legends about Immortals .
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Butsusen 仏仙 / 佛仙 Buddhist Immortals and Hermits

Butsusen-kai 仏仙界 the realm of Buddhist immortals is the realm where the immortals live
(as opposed to the shinsen-kai 神仙界, the realm were the Shinto deities reside, in the famous mountains like 富士山 Fujisan or 蓬莱山 Horaisan.)

These Sennin practise sendo 仙道修行 to become Immortals and budo shugyo 武道修行 martial arts.
They live a hermit life with little contact to the world, with no pain and no joy.
Usually when someone enters this realm, he is not allowed to come back.

There are various types of Butsusen:
tensen 天仙 Sennin of the heavenly realm. chisen 地仙 Sennin of the earthly realm
shikaisen 尸解仙 Shikaisen, rikusen 陸仙、suisen 水仙 、shinsen 新仙、doosen 童仙 child Sennin,
gyokujo 玉女 "treasure women", sennyo 仙女 female Sennin

The Butsusen Hermits are also called Daisen 大仙、Sensei 仙聖、or simply Sen 仙.

- - - Shikaisen is the realm where the body survives after death.
. sokushinbutsu 即身仏のミイラ the Living Mummies of Japan .






. China - The Eight Immortals 八仙 Pa Hsien .


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日本の仏仙人16人 - The 16 Buddhist Immortals of Japan


. 01 Koma no Kikori 高麗山樵 woodcutter from Mount Komayama .


. 02 Udohama Nyosen 宇度浜女仙 female Sennin from Udohama beach .
and
03 Yoshinoyama Nyosen 吉野山女仙 female Sennin from Mount Yoshinoyama


. 04 Suzuka no okina 鈴鹿翁 Old Man Suzuka .

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05 Yagara no Okina 箭柄翁 / 煎柄翁 Old Man Yagara
no information found yet

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. 06 Kakinomoto Hitomaro 柿本人麻呂 Hitomaru 人丸 / 人麿 .

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. 07 Yooro Sennin 養老仙人 Yoro Sennin .
and the samurai Nanigashi 草野某(なにがし)

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. 08 Kanshiwa 飛龍士韓志和 Hiryushi Kan Shiwa .
a master carpenter of Hida Takayama

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. 09 Ono no Takamura 小野篁 . (802 - 852)

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10 Shirohashi no Okina 白箸翁 (しろはしのおきな)Old Man selling white chopsticks


source : 国際日本文化研究センタ

He was a strange old man, living in the Early Heian period.
Around (859-877) he sold white chopsticks in the streets of Kyoto. He always seemed to be about 70 years. After his death his body was buried in the earth.
But a few years later people saw him, clad like a monk, reading the 法華経 Hoke-Kyo Sutra

Hakucho-o den 白箸翁伝 ハクチョオウデン Legend of Hakucho-O
book by 紀長谷雄 Ki no Haseo (845 – 912) , Literati of the Heian Period

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. 11 Sadazumi Shinno 貞純親王 .

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. 12 Ariwara no Narihira 在原業平朝臣 .

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. 13 Ikoma Sennin 生馬仙人 / 生馬仙 Ikoma Sen .

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. 14 Miyako no Yoshika 都良香 .

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. 15 Sugawara Michizane 菅原道真 .

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. 16 Saga no In Kunshi 嵯峨の隠君子 / 嵯峨隠君子 .


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. 日本の仙人37人 - The 37 Immortals of Japan .
Here the most important ones are introduced.
There are 僧侶 18 priests, 8 仙人 sennin (including 3 仏仙 like Kume Sennin).
The other 11 are humans.
聖徳太子 Shotoku Taishi and 役ノ行者 En no Gyoja have a special relationship to Buddhism.

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- reference source : toki.moo.jp/inaka-jo/05sennin... -

- reference source : nihonkogaku . com 日本古学 -

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Hotokegasen 仏ヶ仙(ほとけがせん)736 m
peak in the Hiruzen mountain range, Okayama 蒜山仏ヶ山


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. sennin 天狗と仙人伝説 Legends about Tengu and Immortals .

. sennin 仙人と伝説 Legends about Immortals .


. Japan - Shrines and Temples - Index .


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[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
- - #buddhistsennin #buddhistimmortals -
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2018-03-26

Japanese Sennin Immortals Hermits

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. sennin 仙人と伝説 Legends about Immortals .
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Nihon no sennin 日本の仙人 Japanese Immortals and Hermits

「本朝神仙伝」
日本の仙人37人 - The 37 Immortals of Japan



本朝神仙記伝 / 本朝神仙伝 Honcho Shinsenden - Lives of Japanese immortals
Honcho shinsen den - Lives of Japanese Spirit Immortals / Biography of Japanese immortals
By 大江匡房 Oe no Masafusa

日本の仙人37人を解説した『本朝神仙記伝』(平安時代後期の漢学者大江匡房(おおえのまさふさ)撰録)には、
「是全く孫右衛門が、熟眠の場なるを知らず、草を刈て驚かせし故に、斯る変を示したるものならんと、人々語り伝えしとなん。今も時として姿を顕はすことあり。村人恐れて、孫右衛門天狗といふとぞ」とあります。
孫右衛門 Magoemon - - see below, Yamanashi -

Michinori Honcho Shinsenden - Accounts of Japanese Immortals
For a broad discussion of these Japanese immortals, see Hori, "On the Concept of Hijiri (Holy-man)."

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There are basically three types of Sennin

. Shinsen 神仙 / 神僊 Daoist Immortals and Hermits .
. Butsusen 仏仙 / 佛仙 Buddhist Immortals and Hermits .

Shikaisen, shikai sen 尸解仙 becoming a Sennin after death (the dead body is kept "alive".)
. sokushinbutsu 即身仏のミイラ the Living Mummies of Japan .

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. 01 倭武命(大和武尊)Yamato Takeru .
. 02 上宮太子(聖徳太子)Shotoku Taishi  .
. 03 武内宿禰 Takenouchi no Sukune  .
. 04 浦嶋子(浦島太郎)Urashima Taro .
. 05 役ノ行者(役ノ小角)En no Gyoja - Jimpen Dai-Bosatsu .
. 06 徳一大徳 Tokuitsu .
. 07 Taichō 泰澄大徳 Taicho Daitoku - Tengu 白山坊 Hakusan-Bo .
. 08 久米仙 Kume Sennin .
. 09 都藍尼 Toran-Ni - 女仙人 a female Sennin .

. 10 善仲 Zenchu and his twin - 11 善算 Zensan .
. 12 窺詮法師 / 喜撰法師 Kisen Hoshi .
. 13 行叡居士 Gyoei Koji .
. 14 教待和尚 Kyotai Osho .
. 15 報恩大師 Hoon Daishi, Ho-On Daishi .
. 16 弘法大師 Kobo Daishi 空海 Kukai  .
. 17 慈覚大師 Jikaku Daishi 円仁 Ennin .
. 18 陽勝仙人 Yosho Sennin
. 19 陽勝仙人弟子仙 / 陽勝弟子童 Hijiri, disciple of Yosho .


. 20 Kawara no In 河原院 源融 Minamoto Toru .
- - - 21 藤太君 Tooda no Kimi 藤太君 Toda no Kimi
- - - 22 源太君 げんだのきみ)Genda no Kimi  
. 23 白箸翁 Shirohashi no Okina - Old Man selling white chopsticks .
. 24 都良香 Miyako no Yoshika (834 - 897) .
. 25 Juge 河内国樹下僧 Monk Juge from Kawachi no Kuni .

- - - 26 美濃国河邊人 / 河辺人 Mino no Kuni Hotori no Hito 美濃国の河の邊(ほとり)の人
- - - 27 出羽国石窟仙 Dewa no Kuni Sekkutsu Sen "Immortal in the stone cave"
. 28 大嶺僧 / 浄蔵法師 Jozo Hoshi .
- - - 29 大嶺山仙 Ominesan Sen / 大峰山

. 30 Kanda 竿打仙 Kanda Sen / 竿打ち仙人 Sao-Uchi Sennin .
- - - 31 伊予国長生翁 Iyo no Kuni Chosei Ogina, Old man Chosei
. 32 Chuzan, Chusan 中算上人 Saint Chuzan Shonin - 興福寺の僧 .
- - - 33 橘正道 / 橘正通 Tachibana no Machimichi (漢詩 Poet of the Mid-Heian period)
- - - 34 東寺僧 Toji Monk / 東寺長者 Toji Choja -head priest of temple To-Ji in Kyoto
- - - 35 比良山僧 Hieizan Monk from Mount Hieizan in Kyoto
- - - 36 愛宕護僧 Atago Monk / 愛宕護山仙 Atago Moriyama Sen / 愛宕護山聖人 Saint from Mount Atago, meeting a wild boar
. 37 沙門日蔵 Shamon Nichizo (905 - 967) .


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- reference source : 本朝神仙記伝 宮地巌夫 -

本朝神仙記伝 上之巻
饒速日命/可美真手命/稲飯命 三毛入野命/椎根津彦/賀茂別雷大神並玉依比売命/阿蘇都彦命 阿蘇都媛命 速瓶玉命/倭媛命/日本武尊/印南別嬢/白鳥陵守目杵/武内宿禰/水江浦島子/若狭八百姫/高麗山樵並真珠男、白綿女/宇度浜女仙並漁夫/押坂直/漆部造麿か妻の女仙并七子/駕籠仙人/吉野山二女仙/鈴鹿翁/煎柄翁 - 箭柄翁 /柿本人麿/久米仙人/養老仙人并草野何某/菊女仙/願覚仙人/飛龍士韓志和/武庫山女仙/蝉丸/小野篁/白箸翁/貞純親王/在原業平朝臣/生馬仙人/都良香/菅公/嵯峨隠君子/藤太主並源太主/松木春彦/平維盛仙人/平景清仙人並平盛嗣仙人/佐々木高綱/津軽女仙/残夢/鬼三太清悦並柳塘異人高館女仙/大枝国兼/由井源蔵/度会常昌神主/万里小路藤房卿/郷谷長生夫妻/十津川異人/長清道士/長谷川式部太夫/岩田刀自/大口山女仙

本朝神仙記伝 下之巻
白幽子/白山仙人並加藤友春/原隼人佐/天野三郎兵衛康景/一路居士並道観及善輔/海上隠者/武市常三/奥州異人/美濃女仙/福山坊/雨畑の仙翁/於竹女仙並於松女仙/髯道人/虚庵/飛騨異人/山門玄常/栗山某/長谷川角行/三石山仙翁並女仙/雲居官蔵/吉村専兵衛/青木主計頭/白鳥永徳/義斎/信濃女仙/山中山三郎/京都仙翁/荏原孫右衛門/金嶽新左衛門/霧山六女仙/羽黒山千三仙人/雲水行者/足柄山五仙人/上総仙人/米叟上人/甲斐徳本/阿勘女仙/ 御殿林仙人 Gotenbayashi /河野至道寿人

with explanations about each one 
- reference source : majinnnn.jugem.jp.. -


. ABC-List of the Immortals .


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- Another page with a long list of Sennin

往生伝・法華験記
by 井上大曽根 Inoue Ozone
極楽往生をとげた人々の伝記を集めた仏教説話「日本往生極楽記」「続本朝往生伝」「本朝神仙伝」「拾遺往生伝」および天台僧鎮源の編んだ「大日本国法華経験記」に加え,さらに参考として5篇の往生伝を収める.
- reference source : redbird.no-ip.info... -


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. sennin 天狗と仙人伝説 Legends about Tengu and Immortals .

. sennin 仙人と伝説 Legends about Immortals .


. Japan - Shrines and Temples - Index .


[ . BACK to DARUMA MUSEUM . TOP . ]
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
- - #37sennin #nihonnosennin #japanesesennin #senninjapan
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2018-03-04

shinsen Daoist immortals hermits

- BACK to the Daruma Museum -
. Japanese legends and tales 伝説 民話 昔話 - Introduction .
. sennin 仙人と伝説 Legends about Immortals .
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shinsen 神仙 / 神僊 Daoist Immortals and Hermits 
immortal mountain wizard (in Taoism); Taoist immortal; supernatural being
shinzen しんぜん / 神仙


source : 神仙故事:翟笔师失仙缘


Through diligent practise they obtained jinzuuriki 神通力 supernatural powers and a long life as immortals.

shinsendoo 神仙道 Shinsendo "the way to gain longevity"
. 本朝神仙伝 Honcho Shinsenden - Lives of Japanese immortals .



- quote -
cult of immortality 神仙思想
A philosophical perspective in ancient China, which developed from a combination of Taoism with the doctrine of Yin and Yang and the Five Elements. It was a cult of longevity and eternal life, and those who obtained these goals were called Sages thought to live on special islands.
In China, gardens symbolizing this cosmological view were built in the Qin and Han dynasties, and in Japan as well, gardens influenced by this perspective were made in the Asuka and Nara periods.
Hōrai and crane-and-tortoise gardens, popular in the Momoyama and Edo periods, were also based in part on this philosophy.
- source : Japanese Garden Dictionary -



藤田友治 Fujita Tomoji
古代日本と神仙思想 ― 三角縁神獣鏡と前方後円墳の謎を解く

- - - 目次 contents
古代神仙思想の謎―シンポジウムの報告から
三角縁神獣鏡に見る神仙思想 - triangular rimmed ancient mirror decorated with gods and animals
徐福の「影」をアジアに探す―徐福を伝承する人々との出会い
古代史随想―建築家の立場から前方後円墳の謎に迫る
「前方後円墳」(壷型古墳)と葬送儀礼
神仙思想と三角縁神獣鏡
三角縁神獣鏡を作った人々
神仙思想と浦島太郎 Urashima Taro


- - - - - replica of the mirror - 三角縁神獣鏡

. Urashima Taro 浦島太郎 .

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. hooraisan 蓬莱山 Hōrai, Mount Horai .
mountain of eternal youth

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- quote -
神仙説【しんせんせつ】 shinsen setsu
中国の古い神話に由来し,戦国時代に興り,秦・漢代に流行し,魏晋時代に頂点に達した神秘的思想。神仙は人間の現実的欲望の実現者であり,不老不死であるとする。神仙となるために,修行や服薬の法があり,その方法をめぐって,道教と習合した。

中国で
生死を超脱した存在の可能性を考える思想。神仙説の萌芽は戦国時代(前3世紀)に認められる。たとえば《荘子》には風を吸い露を飲み,雲気に乗って飛竜を御する藐姑射(はこや)の山の神人や踵(きびす)をもって呼吸する真人などのイメージがえがかれ,《楚辞》には神仙との遊行がうたわれている。神仙説をとくに鼓吹したのは東方沿海地域の方士たちであって,東海中に神仙の住まう三神山が存在すると説き,三神山の信仰は秦の始皇帝や漢の武帝にもうけつがれた。
- source : kotobank -


神仙伝 (しんせんでん)shinsen den
中国の西晋・東晋時代の道教研究家・葛洪の著書。ただし『隋書』経籍志や『抱朴子』の自序・内篇の記述から葛洪が『神仙伝』を記したことは確かだが、現行本は葛洪原作のものから改変が加えられ、収められた仙人のメンバーや文章は旧本とは異なるとする見方が強い。全10巻。
現行本では90人以上の神仙譚がある。序では『列仙伝』を取り上げる。
以下の仙人が現行本に登場する。
...蘇仙公、成仙公
. . . . . With a list of more than 90 names here :
- reference source : wikipedia -



ゲームソフト / ピクシブ百科事典 / a game and dictionary

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神仙河野久
by 田中貢太郎 Tanaka Kotaro (1880 - 1941)
吉野山の神仙と、熊山の神仙
- essay by 田中貢太郎 -

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Shinsen Setsu The Holy Immortals (a study of ancient Taoism).
Takeuchi Yoshio - Tokyo, 1935.

Daoist Immortality and Buddhist Holiness: A Study and Translation of the Honchō shinsen-den.


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- quote -
shinsenboku 神仙木 Lit. tree of immortals
A tree associated with Mt. Penglai Horaisan 蓬莱山, legendary island of the immortals. Since the Heian period the evergreen and long-lived pine, matsu 松 has been associated with the shinsenboku and planted on islands in garden ponds.
- source : JAANUS -



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. Japanese Legends - 伝説 民話 昔話 – ABC-List .

- - - - - - A legend from China
In 秦州 Shinshu in China a man walked alone at night, suddenly found himself surrounded by smoke and standing on the top of the mountain. There he met many people having a party, drinking and enjoying music. When he later tried to get up on the mountain again to steal their wealth, there was nothing to be seen.
It must have been the effect of the Shinsen or maybe some Tengu.


Sorori 蘇呂里 Sorori,shinsen no jutsu 神仙の術
Sorori was a Samurai from Mikawa (eastern Aichi) who was close to 豊臣秀吉 Toyotomi Hideyoshi.
Sorori later lived in a mountain retreat and practised the way of a Shinsen, until he was able to fly freely in the sky.


source : commons.wikimedia.org/wiki
Sorori Shinzaemon and Hideyoshi
by Tsukioka Yoshitoshi

- - - - - Sorori Sugimoto Shinzaemon
The second unifier of Japan, Hideyoshi, was tricked into giving more than he bargained for by Sorori (Sugimoto Shinzaemon), a scabbard maker whose great wit and humor enabled him to become “a kind of buffoon to Hideyoshi” and the only named Japanese court jester in the available records.
... Hideyoshi asked Sorori what recompense he wished. He replied, "A paper bag full of rice." Hideyoshi, pleased with his moderation, promised him what he desired. However, several days later, Sorori arrived dragging after him an enormous paper bag, which he put over a great barn. Hideyoshi was much amused, and asked Sorori to celebrate the matter in a verse.

- Fools Are Everywhere: The Court Jester Around the World
by Beatrice K. Otto
- : books.google.co.jp -


. Toyotomi Hideyoshi 豊臣秀吉 (1537 - 1598) .

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- reference : nichibun yokai database 妖怪データベース -

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. The Eight Chinese Immortals 八仙 Pa Hsien .

. sennin 仙人と伝説 Legends about Immortals .

. Legends about Kobo Daishi Kukai - 弘法大師 空海 - 伝説 .

. Japanese legends and tales 伝説 民話 昔話 - Introduction .

- Yookai 妖怪 Yokai Monsters of Japan -


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2018-02-23

sennin eight Chinese immortals

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. Japanese legends and tales 伝説 民話 昔話 - Introduction .
. sennin 仙人と伝説 Legends about Immortals .
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China - The Eight Immortals 八仙 Pa Hsien

- quote -



He Xian Gu (何仙姑; pinyin: Hé Xiān Gū) - 何仙姑(かせんこ)Kasenko
The Immortal Woman
He Xian Gu’s immortality is due to a consistent diet of powdered mother-of-pearl and moonbeams. While swallowing it, she vowed to remain a virgin.
According to a different version, He Xian Gu, daughter of a 7th-century shopkeeper, ate a magic peach and became immortal. Since than she is flying about.
She is attributed by the lotus/lotus pond, which can cultivate people through meditation.
Occasionally she is attributed with a peach, the divine fruit of Gods, associated with immortality or a music instrument or a ladle to dispense wisdom, meditation and purity.

Cao Gou Jiu (曹國舅; pinyin: Cáo Guó Jiù) - 曹国舅(そうこっきゅう)Sokokkiyu
The Royal Uncle Cao
Cao Gou Jiu is reputed to have been the brother of a 10th century Song Empress, the uncle to the Emperor of the Song Dynasty and the son of a military commander. His attribute, the castanets, are thought to be derived from the pass that gave him free access to the palace, a benefit of his rank.
He is also attributed with a jade tablet, which can purify the air.
According to another version, Cao Guo Jiu's younger brother Cao Jingzhi was a bully, but no one dared to prosecute him because of his powerful connections, not even after he killed a person. Royal Uncle Cao was so overwhelmed by sadness and shame on his brother that he resigned his office and left home.
He is represented by wearing formal court dress, always the finest dress among all Eight Immortals, and carrying castanets.
Cao Gou Jiu is the patron deity of actors.

Li Tie Guai (李鐵拐; pinyin: Lĭ Tiĕ Guăi) Li Tieguai. - 李鉄拐 / 鉄拐李(りてっかい)Ri Tekkai
Gama Sennin 蝦蟇仙人 "Toad Immortal"
The Iron-Crutch Li
Because of his great skill at magic, Li Tie Guai, was able to free his soul from his body and aid and meet others in the celestial realm. Li Tie Guai, a good looking man used his skill frequently. Once, while his spirit was gone from his body, a disciple decided that Li Tie Guai was dead and burned his body as was traditional. When Li Tie Guai’s soul returned from its travels, he was forced to enter the body of a beggar.
He is represented as a lame beggar carrying a double gourd. The gourd, symbolising longevity and the ability to ward off evil, has a cloud emanating from it. The cloud represents the soul, depicted as a formless shape.
The gourd represents also helping the needy and relieve the distressed.
Sometimes Li Tie Guai is pictured riding the qilin.
Li Tie Guai is the emblem of the sick.
. Gama Sennin 蝦蟇仙人 "Toad Immortal" - 劉海 Liu Hai .


Lan Cai (蓝采和; pinyin: Lán Cǎihé) - 藍采和(らんさいか)Ransaika
The Immortal Hermaphrodite
Lan Cai is said to have wandered the streets as a beggar while singing a song about the brevity of mortal life. Her/his attribute is a basket of flowers associated with longevity, which she/he carries to remind viewers of the transience of life and with which she/he can communicate with gods.
She/he is variously portrayed as a youth, an aged man, or a girl; in modern pictures generally as a young boy.
She/he is represented by wearing a tattered blue gown and only one shoe.
Lan Cai is the patron deity of florists.

Lü Dongbin (呂洞賓; pinyin: Lǚ Dòngbīn) - 呂洞賓(りょどうひん)Ryodohin
The Chief leader

Lü Dongbin was an 8th-century scholar, who learned the secrets of Taoism from Zhuang Lin Quan. Dressed as a scholar, he is honoured as such. His attribute, the sword, which can subdue the evil, allowed him to travel the earth slaying dragons and fighting evil.
He is represented with a sword on his back and a fly brush in his hand.
Lü Dongbin is also the patron deity of barbers.

Han Xiang Zi (韓湘子; pinyin: Hán Xiāng Zi) - 韓湘子(かんしょうし)Kanshoshi
The Philosopher Han Xiang
Han Xiang Zi is said to have been the nephew of Han Yü, a famous scholar of the 9th century. Among his special skills was the ability to make flowers bloom instantaneously and smooth wild animals. His attribute is the flute, which can cause growth.
He is represented as a Happy Man.
Han Xiang Zi is the patron saint of musicians.

Zhang Guo Lao (張果老; pinyin: Zhāng Guǒ Lǎo) - 張果老(ちょうかろう)Chokaro
The Elder Zhang Guo
Zhang Guo Lao is reputed to have been a recluse of the 7th or 8th century. He travelled with a white mule that could go incredible distances and then be folded up and placed in a wallet. Zhang Guo Lao had only to sprinkle water to the mule to reconstitute it for further use.
Zhang Guo Lao's attribute is a drum made of a bamboo tube with two rods with which to strike it. The drum can cure life.
He is represented as an old man riding the mule, at times riding backwards.
Zhang Guo Lao is the emblem of old men.

Zhongli Quan (鐘离權; Pinyin: Zhōnglí Quán) - 漢鍾離(かんしょうり)Kanshori または鍾離権(しょうりけん)
Zhongli Quan was reputed to have lived during the Zhou dynasty (1122-256 BC). Among his many powers were transmutation and the knowledge of the elixir of life. His attribute is a fan, which can bring the dead back to life.
He is represented as a Fat Man with his bare belly showing.
Zhongli Quan represents the military man.

- reference source : nationsonline.org/oneworld/Chinese_Customs -


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- quote -
The Eight Immortals 八仙 are a group of legendary xian ("immortals") in Chinese mythology.
Each immortal's power can be transferred to a power tool (法器) that can bestow life or destroy evil. Together, these eight tools are called the "Covert Eight Immortals" (暗八仙). Most of them are said to have been born in the Tang or Song dynasty. They are revered by the Taoists and are also a popular element in the secular Chinese culture. They are said to live on a group of five islands in the Bohai Sea, which includes Penglai Mountain-Island.

- - - - - The Immortals are:

He Xian'gu
Cao Guojiu
Li Tieguai
Lan Caihe
Lü Dongbin
Han Xiangzi
Zhang Guolao
Zhongli Quan

李鉄拐(りてっかい)Ri Tekkai または鉄拐李
漢鍾離(かんしょうり)Kanshori または鍾離権(しょうりけん)
呂洞賓(りょどうひん)Ryodohin
藍采和(らんさいか)Ransaika
韓湘子(かんしょうし)Kanshoshi
何仙姑(かせんこ)Kasenko
張果老(ちょうかろう)Chokaro
曹国舅(そうこっきゅう)Sokokkiyu


In literature before the 1970s, they were sometimes translated as the Eight Genies.
First described in the Yuan Dynasty, they were probably named after the Eight Immortal Scholars of the Han.
- In art
- In literature
- In qigong and martial art
- Reverence
- Depictions in popular culture
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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Bashiko, Taoist immortal,
considered by the Japanese to be the first veterinary surgeon. He supposedly lived in China in the years 2697-2597 B.C. and cured a dying dragon by operating on its throat. Bashiko is rarely depicted in art, while another Taoist sage, Chinnan, is more popularly shown with dragons.

Kinko - Qin Gao (Kinkô sennin) 琴高仙人 Kinko Sennin
Kinko, who lived beside a river and was a painter of fish.
One day a giant carp offered to take him for a ride into the realm of the immortals. He returned after a month, telling his followers never to kill another fish. He then jumped into the river, where he was transformed into a carp himself. Kinko is usually shown reading a Taoist scroll while riding on the back of the magical fish.

Koshohei
Sennin Koshohei with a short stick in his hand leaning slightly over a small rock that turns into a goat. Koshohei led a herd of goats to the mountains and stayed there for 40 years in meditation. His brother found him after all that this time and was wondering where the goat were. Koshohei touched the boulders around him with a stick, and they turned into goats.

Tsugen
- another name for Chokaro / Chang Kuo-lao

. sennin to netsuke 仙人と根付 Netsuke of Immortals .

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. shinsen 神仙 / 神僊 Daoist Immortals and Hermits  .

. Legends about Kobo Daishi Kukai - 弘法大師 空海 - 伝説 .

. Japanese legends and tales 伝説 民話 昔話 - Introduction .

- Yookai 妖怪 Yokai Monsters of Japan -
- Introduction -

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2018-02-10

Sennin ABC list

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. Sennin 仙人と伝説 Introduction about Immortals .
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- - - - - ABC-List of the Sennin - - - - -




. Nihon no sennin 日本の仙人37人 - 37Japanese Immortals and Hermits .

. Butsusen 仏仙 / 佛仙 Buddhist Immortals and Hermits .

. Shinsen 神仙 / 神僊 Chinese Daoist Immortals and Hermits .

. sokushinbutsu 即身仏のミイラ the Living Mummies of Japan .


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. Ariwara no Narihira 在原業平朝臣 .

. Atago monk 愛宕護僧 / 愛宕護山仙 / 愛宕護山聖人 .


. Baikin Sennin バイキン仙人 "Germ Sennin" .

. Basuu, Basū 婆薮仙 Basu, the Immortal Basu, Vasu . - India

. Bikoo sennin 鼻高仙人 Biko Sennin "with a long nose".
Ono no Tobito 小野富人

. Chuuzan, Chūzan, Chusan 中算上人 Saint Chuzan Shonin - 興福寺の僧 .

. En no Gyooja, En no Gyōja 役行者 En no Gyoja / 役小角 En no Ozuno .

. Gama Sennin 蝦蟇仙人 "Toad Immortal" - 劉海 Liu Hai .
- and Tekkai Sennin - 李鉄拐 Li Tieguai.

Garyuu sennin 駕竜仙人 Garyu Sennin (182)
- There is a temple 駕竜寺 in Okayama.

. Gotenbayashi Sennin 御殿林仙人 .

. Gyooei Koji 行叡居士 Gyoei Koji .

. Gyooki Bosatsu 行基菩薩 Gyoki Bosatsu (668 - 749) .


. Hieizan Monk 比良山僧 .

. Hijiri 仙 disciple of Yosho 陽勝仙人の弟子の仙 .

. Hitachibo Kaison Sennin 常陸坊海尊仙人 .
Retainer of 源の義経 Minamoto no Yoshitsune (1159 - 1189) - 清悦 Seietsu

. Hoodoo Sennin 法道仙人 Hodo Sennin .
法起菩薩 Hoki Bosatsu - Saint Tokudo 徳道上人 is an incarnation.
- Karahachi Sennin 空鉢仙人 "Mountain hermit with the empty begging bowl"

. Hoon Daishi 報恩大師 Ho-On Daishi .

. Hyootan Sennin 瓢箪仙人 "Gourd Immortal" .
壺公(ごこう) Goko. (壺公 ここう Koko) "Honorable Jar" // kochuuten 壺中天 Kochuten, "Heaven in a Jar"

. Ikkaku Sennin 一角仙人 "One-horned Immortal" .

. Ikoma Sennin 生馬仙人 / 生馬仙 Ikoma Sen .


. Jikaku 慈覚大師 Jikaku Daishi 円仁 Ennin .

. Jofuku 除福 Chinese, climbed Mount Fujisan .

. Joozoo 大嶺僧 / 浄蔵法師 Jozo Hoshi . .

. Juge 河内国樹下僧 Monk Juge from Kawachi no Kuni .


. Kakinomoto Hitomaro 柿本人麻呂 Hitomaru 人丸 / 人麿 .

. Kame Sennin 亀仙人 "Turtle Immortal" / 黄安仙人 Koan Sennin .
modern Muten Roshi 武天老師 Master Roshi

. Kanda 竿打仙 Kanda Sen / 竿打ち仙人 Sao-Uchi Sennin .

. Kan Shiwa 飛龍士韓志和 Hiryushi Kan Shiwa .

. Katsuragi Sennin 葛城仙人 . *

. Kawara no In 河原院 源融 Minamoto Toru . (822 – 895)

. Kikujidoo, kiku jidoo 菊慈童 Kikujido, "Chrysanthemum Child" .
- - - - - and Kiku Nyosen 菊女仙 female Chrysanthemum Sennin


. Kikugawamura no Sennin 菊川村仙人 Sennin from Kikugawa village . - Shizuoka
- The bell of 粟ヶ岳 Mount Awagatake 淡ヶ嶽.

. Kinkoo Sennin 琴高仙人 Kinko Sennin - Qin Gao .

. Kinoko Sennin きのこ仙人 Mushroom Hermit .

. Kisen Hooshi 窺詮法師 / 喜撰法師 Kisen Hoshi .

. Kobo Daishi Kukai 弘法大師 空海 (774 - 835) .

. Kume no Sennin 久米の仙人 Kume Sennin 久米仙人 .
founder of the temple Kumedera 久米寺 Kume-Dera, Nara

. Kyootai Oshoo 教待和尚 Kyotai Osho . and 三井寺 Miidera


. Maguso sennin 馬ぐそ仙人 The Hermit of Horse Droppings . - Enoki, Edo

. Miyako no Yoshika 都良香 (834 - 897) .


. Oni Santa Sennin 鬼三太仙人 - Kisanta, Iwate .

. Ono no Takamura 小野篁 . (802 - 852)


. Rishuu sennin 利修仙人 Risshu Sennin.
founder of the temple 鳳来寺 Horai-Ji, Aichi

Ryuu sennnin 竜仙人 Ryu Sennin "Dragon Immortal"

. Sadazumi Shinno 貞純親王 (873 – 916) .

. Saga no In Kunshi 嵯峨隠君子 / 嵯峨の隠君子 .

. Shamon Nichizoo 沙門日蔵 Shamon Nichizo (905 - 967) .

. Shinzaemon 新左衛門仙人 from 金が岳 Mount Kayagatake . .

. Shirohashi no Okina 白箸翁 Old Man selling white chopsticks .

. Shosen 笙仙人 Sho Sennin .

Shooshi 蕭史仙人 Shoshi : 春秋時代の仙人
- reference source : Hikiyama / Sennin-Shoshi carvings -

. Shotoku Taishi 上宮太子(聖徳太子) .

. Sugawara Michizane 菅原道真 .

. Sugiyama Sooshoo (Soojoo) 杉山僧正 Sugiyama Sosho (Sojo) .
He is about 3000 years old and lives in 岩間町愛宕山 Mount Atagoyama in Iwama, Ibaraki.

. Suzuka no okina 鈴鹿翁(すずかのおきな) Old Man Suzuka .


. Tachibana no Machimichi 橘正道 / 橘正通 - Poet .

. Taichō 泰澄大徳 Taicho Daitoku - Tengu 白山坊 Hakusan-Bo . (682 - 767)

. Takenouchi no Sukune 武内宿禰   .

. Tooboosaku, Tōbōsaku 東方朔 Tobosaku .

. Toita Sennin 戸板仙人 Sennin of the Wooden Door .
Tokushima - 大麻比古神社 Oasahiko Shrine

. Tokuitsu 徳一大徳 .

. Tooji 東寺僧 Toji Monk / 東寺長者 Toji Choja .

. Torakichi 虎吉 sennin no moji 仙人の文字 letters of Torakichi .

. Toranni 都藍尼 Toran-Ni - 女仙人 a female Sennin .

. Tsuru Sennin 鶴仙人 crane hermit, crane immortal .
王子喬 Ooshikyo, Oshikyo, Wangze Kao // 費長房 Hichobo // 黄鶴楼 Kokakuro. Huang He Lou


. Udohama Nyosen 宇度浜女仙 female Sennin from Udohama beach .
三保の松原 Miho no Matsubara // the legend of Hagoromo 羽衣 "the Feathered Robe"

. Urashima Taro 浦嶋子(浦島太郎).


. Yagara no Okina 箭柄翁 / 煎柄翁 Old Man Yagara .

. Yamato Takeru 倭武命(大和武尊) .

. Yooro Sennin 養老仙人 Yoro Sennin .

. Yooshoo Sennin 陽勝仙人 Yosho Sennin .

. Yoshinoyama Nyosen 吉野山女仙 female Sennin from Mount Yoshinoyama .

. Zenchu 善仲 and his twin brother Zensan 善算 .

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Fukurokuju 福禄寿 and 寿老人 Jurojin are considered Sennin
. Seven Gods of Good Luck 七福神 Shichifukujin  .


. Tengu and Sennin .
Humans with supernatural powers can go to the 天狗界 Tengu Realm or the 仙人界 Sennin Realm.


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. sennin 天狗と仙人伝説 Legends about Tengu and Immortals .

. sennin 仙人と伝説 Legends about Immortals .


. Japan - Shrines and Temples - Index .


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- - #senninabc #abcsennin #senninlist -
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2017-09-10

Jishin no Ran Tenmu Tenno

- BACK to the Daruma Museum -
. ABC List of Heian Contents .
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Jishin no Ran 壬申の乱 Jishin war
civil war, “War of the Year of the Monkey", Jinshin rebellion
and 天武天皇 Emperor Tenmu Tenno




- quote -
a succession dispute in Japan which broke out in 672 following the death of 天智天皇 Emperor Tenji.
The name refers to the jinshin (壬申) or ninth year of the sixty-year Jikkan Jūnishi calendrical cycle, corresponding to the Western year 673.
Tenji had originally designated his brother, 大海人皇子 Prince Ōama, as his successor, but later changed his mind in favor of his son, 大友皇子 Prince Ōtomo / 大伴 Otomo. In the course of the violence that erupted as a result of factional rivalries, Ōtomo, having taken the throne as Emperor, took his own life after reigning for less than a year.
His uncle Ōama then succeeded to the throne as the Emperor Tenmu.
- Background -
Emperor Tenji ascended to the throne and set up a capital at Ōmi-Ōtsu (currently Ōtsu city, Shiga Prefecture). He made his best efforts for the foundation of a strong country, imitating the Tang Dynasty in China, importing the Tangs' culture, architecture and political systems. Japan had to pretend to have as much power as Tang because if Japan were regarded as weak, it was feared that the Tang might invade and conquer the country.

The next thing Tenji needed to do was to secure his successor. His Empress-consort was Yamato-hime but there were no children between the two. He had to find the right man from the sons of non-Imperial wives. Prince Takeru was the first son but he was mute by nature and died when he was seven years old. Prince Ōtomo was the next prince of the Emperor. He was a hard worker, and was very clever and intellectual. He had enough ability to be the next Emperor.

Although Ōtomo was almost perfect, his mother was of low birth. She was from the rural area landlord's family and was not Imperial-Household-born. This was a great disadvantage in considering Ōtomo to ascend to the throne.

At the same time, a younger brother of the Emperor Tenji's was as excellent as Ōtomo. He, Prince Ōama, had almost the same fitness as the Emperor, except that he was younger. His reputation was much greater than Ōtomo because he was of higher birth and was more suitable to be the next Emperor.
This was a major cause of the trouble to come.
In 670, the Emperor Tenji got sick. He realized that he couldn't live long, and he wished that, after his death, the Imperial Dynasty would pass to his son, Prince Ōtomo. Because Ōtomo's greatest rival was Ōama, the Emperor attempted to drive Ōama away. He invited the prince to his bedroom and asked if Ōama had an intention to take the throne.
If Ōama answered yes, the Emperor would have arrested and punished him as a traitor. Prince Ōama was clever enough to know his trick and answered that he had no will to succeed the throne and he wanted Ōtomo to be the next Emperor. He added that he wanted to be a monk instead of inheriting the throne and would retire to a temple in Yoshino. Because there were no reasons to punish Ōama any longer, the Emperor accepted the prince's proposal. Ōama went down to Yoshino the next day and became a monk.

The Emperor declared that Ōtomo was the next Emperor. Ōtomo summoned six subjects to the Emperor's bedroom and made them swear to help him in front of the Emperor. The Emperor nodded, and several days later he died.
.....
Prince Ōama pretended to be a monk at the temple in Yoshino, but he was looking for a chance to rise a rebellion against Ōtomo and to drive him away. He secretly collected weapons and soldiers to prepare for the coup-d'etat. In the seventh month of 672, he departed Yoshino and headed for the Palace in Ōtsu where the new Emperor Ōtomo was.
- The War
- Events in the War
- References
- MORE in the Wikipedia -



Prince Oama later became 天武天皇 Emperor Tenmu Tenno.

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Ooama no Ooji, Ōama no ōji 大海人皇子 Prince Oama - 天武天皇 Tenmu Tenno
(c. 631-686)



Tenmu - the 40th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.
Tenmu's reign lasted from 673 until his death in 686.
Emperor Tenmu is the first monarch of Japan, to whom the title Tennō (Emperor of Japan) was assigned contemporaneously — not only by later generations.
Tenmu had many children, including his crown prince Kusakabe.
..... In 671 Tenmu felt himself to be in danger and volunteered to resign the office of crown prince to become a monk. He moved to the mountains in Yoshino, Yamato Province (now Yoshino, Nara), officially for reasons of seclusion.



..... Tenmu assembled an army and marched from Yoshino to the east, to attack the capital of Omikyō in a counterclockwise movement. He left Yoshino with about 30 soldiers, but at the end of his march there were 30000. They marched through Yamato, Iga and Mino Provinces to threaten Omikyō in the adjacent province.
The army of Tenmu and the army of the young Emperor Kōbun fought in the northwestern part of Mino (nowadays Sekigahara, Gifu). Tenmu's army won and Kōbun committed suicide, an incident known as the Jinshin War.
..... As might be expected, Emperor Tenmu was no less active than former-Emperor Tenji in improving the Taika military institutions. Tenmu's reign brought many changes, such as:
(1) a centralized war department was organized;
(2) the defenses of the Inner Country near the Capital were strengthened;
(3) forts and castles were built near Capital and in the western parts of Honshū—and in Kyushu;
(4) troops were reviewed; and all provincial governors were ordered to complete the collection of arms and to study tactics.
..... In 675 Emperor Tenmu banned the consumption of animal meat (horse, cattle, dogs, monkeys, birds), due to the influence of Buddhism.
..... Emperor Tenmu commissioned the "Kojiki" to be the official history of Japan in order to help strengthen imperial rule. It was completed in 712 and the "Nihon Shoki" ("Chronicles of Japan"), another manuscript of myths and legends was compiled in 720.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !




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. Japanese Legends - 伝説 民話 昔話 – ABC-List .

enoki 榎木 nettletree, Chinese hackberry tree
In the historical record of the Heike, 源平盛衰記 Heike Seisui-Ki, there is a story about Minamoto no Yoritomo (1147 - 1198). After loosing the battle of 石橋山 Ishibashiyama he hid in the hollow of a nettletree to avoid further harm.
When Tenmu Tenno was hiding from 大伴皇子 Prince Otomo, he also hid in the hollow of a nettletree.

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Osaka 大阪府

atori no kai 獦子鳥怪 / アトリ the monstrous Atori birds cloud
Atori belong to the family of sparrows.



In the 7th year of the reign of Tenmu Tenno a huge flog of these birds cluttered the sky. They even flow up to 摂津国天満 Tenman in Settsu and this bird storm lasted for three, four days.


kanro 甘露 "honey dew"
In the 7th year of the reign of Tenmu Tenno in winter, something like a piece of white cotton came floating down from the sky. It was about 180 cm long and 22 cm wide. Blown by the wind it landed in a pine tree forest. This was named Kanro.



春すぎて 夏来にけらし 白妙(しろたへ)の 衣ほすてふ 天の香具山
haru sugite natsu ki ni kerashi shiro-tahe no koromo hosutefu ama no kaguyama

Spring has passed, and / summer has arrived, it seems.
Heavenly Mount Kagu
Where it is said, they dry robes / of the whitest mulberry!

Tr. Ewa Machotka

Poem by Jitō Tennō 持統天皇 Empress Jito (645 – 703)
She was the wife of Emperor Tenmu,

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Yoshino 吉野 - Nara 奈良県

tennyo 天女 the Heavenly Maiden
Once Tenmu Tenno played the 琴 Koto near a waterfall in Yoshino. On the cliff opposite the river something strange like a colorful cloud appeared. Looking closer it had the form of 天女 a heavenly maiden, clad in traditional layered robes, performing a ritual dance.


This is the beginning of the ritual gosetchi no maihime 五節の舞姫 Gosechi no Mai .
This imperial dance is performed to our day, even in Kabuki.


- more photos source : deep.wakuwaku-nara.com/kiyomi -

吉野川 - 天皇淵 Yoshinogawa Tenno-Buchi Tenno Riverpool at river Yoshinogawa
Nearby is the shrine 浄見原神社 Kiyomihara Jinja.

Tenmu Tenno was quite taken by the dance of the Heavenly Maiden. He composed a poem:
おとめ子が乙女さびしもからたまを袂にまきておとめさびしも


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- - - - - How the village Totsukawa got its name:
At the time when Tenmu Tenno 天武天皇 was still a prince called 大海人皇子 Oama no Miko and was hiding in Yoshino, he looked all the way South and sighed in grief:
「とほつかは」 tootsuka wa

. Totsukawa 十津川と伝説 Legends about Totsukawa village .

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- reference : Nichibun Yokai Database -

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- Reference in Japanese 壬申の乱 -
- Reference in English - jishin no ran -

::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

. Legends - Heian Period (794 to 1185) - Introduction .

. Japanese legends and tales 伝説 民話 昔話 - Introduction .

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2017-08-12

Empress Danrin Kachiko

- BACK to the Daruma Museum -
. ABC List of Heian Contents .
. Persons of the Heian Period .
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Danrin Koogoo 檀林皇后 empress Danrin Kogo
(786 - 850)
橘嘉智子 Tachibana no Kachiko
daughter of Tachibana no Kiyotomo 橘清友



- quote -
the empress consort of Emperor Saga.
According to some sources, she was involved in the conspiracy to accuse Crown Prince Tsunesada in 842 of attempting a coup, thus exiling him and making way for her own grandson Prince Michiyasu to take the throne as Emperor Montoku, in an event known as the Jôwa Incident.
Danrin
is said to have been extremely beautiful, and to have been distressed by the extent to which her beauty distracted Buddhist monks and others from their work or studies. According to legend, she committed suicide and left orders that her body be left unburied at a particular street corner, so that people would see her decaying body and be forced to think about the impermanence of life, beauty, and material desires.
- source : wiki.samurai-archives.com/index... -

She founded the Buddhist temple Danrin-Ji.

Danrin-ji (檀林寺) was Japan's first Zen temple, founded in Saga, Kyōto by order of Tachibana no Kachiko during the Jōwa era. The temple was destroyed by fire in 928, but was restored, and during the Muromachi period the temple was designated as one of Kyōto's five great Buddhist nunneries. The temple eventually fell into disrepair, and in 1339 construction of Tenryū-ji began on its grounds.
- source : wikipedia -

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"Nine Stages of Decomposition of the Heian Period Empress Danrin"
Danrin Koogoo Kusoozu 檀林皇后九相観 Danrin Kogo Kusozu
- source : commons.wikimedia.org/wiki... -
18th century Japanese scroll in the Honolulu Museum of Art, ex. Richard Lane Collection












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CLICK for more illustrations !

The nine stages are:

脹相(ちょうそう) - 死体が腐敗によるガスの発生で内部から膨張する。
壊相(えそう) - 死体の腐乱が進み皮膚が破れ壊れはじめる。
血塗相(けちずそう) - 死体の腐敗による損壊がさらに進み、溶解した脂肪・血液・体液が体外に滲みだす。
膿爛相(のうらんそう) - 死体自体が腐敗により溶解する。
青瘀相(しょうおそう) - 死体が青黒くなる。
噉相(たんそう) - 死体に虫がわき、鳥獣に食い荒らされる。
散相(さんそう) - 以上の結果、死体の部位が散乱する。
骨相(こつそう) - 血肉や皮脂がなくなり骨だけになる。
焼相(しょうそう) - 骨が焼かれ灰だけになる。
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !


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- Reference in Japanese 檀林皇后九相観 -
- Reference in English : empress danrin -

::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

. Legends - Heian Period (794 to 1185) - Introduction .

. Japanese legends and tales 伝説 民話 昔話 - Introduction .

::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::



. Join the friends on Facebook ! .

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