ABC List Contents

- BACK to the Daruma Museum -
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. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

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ABC List of Contents - Heian Period (794 to 1185)　平安時代
- - - - - and the periods up to Heian



. Books about the Heian Period .

. Reference online .


. kojiki 古事記 Furukotofumi, the oldest chronicle in Japan .

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source : metmuseum.org/toah


. Persons of the Heian Period .


. Shrines of the Heian Period　神社 .


. Temples of the Heian Period　寺 .


. Legends and tales 伝説 .


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- - - - - Keywords, terms, specialities - - - - -


Anna 安和 era (968 - 970)
- source : wikipedia -
- - - - - . Anna Incident - Heian History .


. aoba no fue 青葉の笛 flute with green leaves .
flute of the monsters 鬼笛 onibue


Architecture in the Heian Period
James T. Ulak
In 784 the emperor Kammu (737–806) relocated the seat of government to Nagaoka. Nagaoka was marred by contention and assassination, however, rendering it an inauspicious location for the capital. Thus, in 794 a site to the east of Nagaoka on a plain sheltered on the west, north, and east by mountains and intersected by ample north-south rivers was judged appropriate by geomancers. Named Heian-kyō (“Capital of Peace and Tranquility”) and later known as Kyōto, this city was modeled on the grid pattern of the Tang Chinese capital at Chang’an. Heian-kyō remained the site of the imperial residence . . . (100 of 10,500 words)
- source : global.britannica.com/art -


. Aristocrats in the Heian Period .

. Ashikaga Gakkoo　足利学校 Ashikaga Gakkō, The Ashikaga School,
The Ashikaga Academy and Ono no Takamura 小野篁 .

. Asuka Kiyomihara Palace　飛鳥　清見原 .

auspicious symbols
- matsukuware tsuru　松くわえ鶴 crane holding a pine branch

. awabi densetsu あわび　アワビ　鰒　鮑伝説　abalone legends .



. Ban Dainagon Ekotoba 伴大納言絵詞 picture scroll about the fire of Otemon 大手門 .

. Bandits, Pirates, Robbers - Heian History .

. Binbogami 貧乏神, Kyuuki 窮鬼 Kyuki - God of Poverty .

. Buddhism in Heian Japan .
- - - - - . Developments in Buddhism .

Buddhist sculptors 仏師 busshi - Heian Era
定朝 Jōchō Busshi (Jocho), 円派 Enpa and 院派 Inpa School
Magaibutsu 磨崖仏 cliff carvings
Artwork of the new sects, Tendai 天台 and Shingon 真言.
- source : Mark Schumacher -

. bussokusekika 仏足石歌, "Buddha footprint poems" .


Cleveland Museum pieces
Art of Japan: Masterpieces from the Cleveland Museum of Art / Heian (14 results)
- source : books.google.co.jp -

Colors of the Heian period
. . . A glimpse of many shades of color at the neck, sleeve and hemline . . .
check : Fujiwara no Teika "Meigetsu-Ki" Bright Moon Diary
. Japanese Colors - Introduction .
- - - - - . The Traditional Colors of Japan / by Sarah W . *


. daidokoro, daibandokoro 台盤所 kitchen .

Daijō-kan, Dajō-kan, Daijookan 太政官 Great Council of State
three ministers— : Daijō-daijin (Chancellor), Sadaijin (Minister of the Left) and Udaijin (Minister of the Right)
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

Dazaifu 大宰府 regional government in Kyushu, "the distant capital"
from the 8th to the 12th centuries.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

. dengaku mai 田楽舞 Dengaku dance .


. Echizen shikki 越前漆器 Echizen laquer ware .
In 527A.D., when the 26th emperor of Japan was young, he ordered a lacquerware craftsman in Echizen to repair his crown . . .

emaki　絵巻 picture scrolls - tba
Ban Dainagon ekotoba (The Tale of the Courtier Ban Dainagon)
Chōjū giga (Scroll of Frolicking Animals)
Genji Monogatari emaki (The Illustrated Tale of Genji)
Shigisan engi emaki (Legends of Mt. Shigi)
- - Emaki, narrative scrolls from Japan – Miyeko Murase
- - Critical Terms for Art History - Nelson, Shiff
- - The Practices of Painting in Japan - Quitman Phillips


. Food and Drink in the Heian Period .

. Fujiwara regency - Heian History .


. gangu 玩具, omochcha おもちゃ toy, toys .
In the Heian period, it was called “mote (or mochi)- asobimono (mote or mochi means to hold in a hand, and asobimono means something to play with),” or it was referred to as simply “asobimono” in the Tale of Genji.

. Genji Monogatari 源氏物語 The Tale of Genji .
. . . . . Murasaki Shikibu

. Genpei War 源平戦争 - Heian History .
the Minamoto (源) and the Taira (平). The Heian Period ends with the Genpei War.

. gold and silver mines - kinzan 金山 ginzan 銀山 .

. Gold and Silver, Zipangu .


. goryoo, onryoo 御霊、怨霊 vengeful spirits .
Sudo Tenno 崇道天皇 and his son,
Iyo Shinno 伊予親王.
his mother, Fujiwara Fujin, 藤原婦人
Fujiwara Hirotsugu, 藤原広嗣
Tachibana Hayanari, 橘逸勢
Bunya no Miyata Maro　文室宮田麻呂
Kibi no Makibi 吉備真備
Sugawara Michizane　菅原道真


. Gozu Tennō 牛頭天王　Gozu Tenno Deity .


haiku about Heian　俳句と平安

hairstyle

. hamaya 破魔矢 and busha matsuri 歩射祭 or 奉射祭 .
- - - - - New Year ritual archery

. Hanami　花見 "Blossom viewing party" .

. haniwa はにわ【埴輪】“clay cylinder”clay figures .
- and the Hajibe 土師部 clan / mogari funeral rites もがり【殯】


. Hashihime, Hashi Hime 橋姫 / はし姫 "Princess of the Bridge" .
turning into a vengeful Oni demon

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. Heian bijin　平安美人 a beauty of the Heian Period, Heian Beauty . *
- - - - - . Aristocrats in the Heian Period - beauty .
- - - - - . The Fair Face of Japanese Beauty
Cosmetics for Japanese Women from the Heian Period to Today. *

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Heianjo, Heian Jo 平安城 "The Castle of Heian"
平安城首 / 平安城尾 / 左 青竜 / 右 白虎 / 前 朱雀 / 後 玄武
『都名所図会』で京を巡る Kyo Meisho Zue - Illustrations of the famous places
. 都名所図会 Kyo Meisho Zue . *


Heian Kyoo 平安京 (literally "tranquility and peace capital") HeianKyo, Heian Kyo
was one of several former names for the city now known as Kyoto. It was the capital of Japan for over one thousand years, from 794 to 1868 with an interruption in 1180.
- Including Kadono District (Kadono-gun, Atago 愛宕郡) and Otagi District (Otagi-gun, 愛宕郡) of Yamashiro Province (Yamashiro no kuni, then 山背国)
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !
- - - - - .The Ancient Capital Heian Kyo - by Parker .


. Heian matsuri 平安祭 Heian festival - Kyoto .
Jidai matsuri 時代祭 "Festival of the Ages" - October
- - - - - Heian Jinguu 平安神宮 Heian Jingu Shrine

. Heike densetsu　平家伝説 legends about the Heike clan .
The Tale of the Heike 平家物語 Heike Monogatari - 平 Taira - and more

. Heike tanuki 源平狸 papermache doll of a badger .
at Temple Yashima-Ji 屋島寺, Kagawa. The Tanuki believed that his former master was a prince of the Taira clan.

. hinomaru, hi no maru　日の丸 the Japanese Flag .
- - - - - Emperor Monmu used a flag representing the sun in his court in 701.

. hiragana　平仮名　ひらがな　writing system .

. Hiraizumi 平泉 in Iwate, the Golden Hall .
Fujiwara no Kiyohira 藤原清衡 and the Hiraizumi Fujiwara clan

. History of the Heian Period .
. . . . . Heian History by dates
- source : #heianhistory -

. Hoogen no ran, Hôgen no ran 　保元の乱　Hogen Disturbace - 1156 .



. ikiryō, shōryō, seirei, ikisudama 生霊 Ikiryo, "living ghost" .

Ima Kagami - Fujiwara no Tametsune

. imayoo, imayō 今様 Imayo, popular song, imayoo uta 今様歌 .
Imayo Awase: Song contest in the Heian period


. inbi no gohan 忌火の御飯 "rice on the memorial day" .

. Ise monogatari 伊勢物語 Tales of Ise .
. . . . . and Yatsuhashi 八橋

. ishinago 石子 / イシナゴ　/ いしなご / 石なご / 石投 / 擲石 toy stone pebbles .
いしなどり / 石な取り ishinadori / いしなごとり ishinagotori / 石投げ ishinage
and
saigi　賽木、伊勢の賽木（いせのさいぎ）wooden dice from Ise


. Jishin no Ran 壬申の乱 Jishin war - 672 .
Ōama no ōji 大海人皇子 Prince Oama - 天武天皇 Tenmu Tenno


. Kagerō Nikki　陽炎日記 / 蜻蛉日記 Kagero Nikki, The Kagero Diary .
- - - - - The Mayfly Diary, The Gossamer Years, by Michitsuna no Haha (ca. 935-95)

. kaiawase, kai-awase,kai awase 貝合; 貝合わせ shell-matching game .

. kanbun (kambun) 漢文 written Chinese, the official language *

. Kaneuri Kichiji 金売吉次 / 金売り吉次 / 吉次信高 / 橘次末春
Kichiji Nobutaka, Kitsuji Sueharu, Kane-uri Kichiji .
- legendary gold trader of the Heian Period

. kanju manju 干珠満珠 the tide jewels .

kanpaku 関白 Kampaku, regent
first secretary and regent who assists an adult emperor
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

. kaoo, kaō 花押 Kao official signature .

. Kappa 河童 Water Goblin Legends of the Heian period .

. karuta, uta karuta 歌留多 Poetry card game .

. Kawara no In 河原院 Kawara-no-in - Kyoto .
official residence of 源融 Minamoto no Toru (822 - 895)


. kemari 蹴鞠 kick ball .

. Kimigayo 君が代 the Japanese Anthem .

kimono and fashion
- source : History-of-Kimono -
. juuni hitoe　十二単衣　12 layered court robe .

. Kinoshitagoma, 木ノ下駒 horse toy from Sendai .

kinri 禁裏 / 禁中 / 御所 living quarters of the emperor
- kinri sama 禁裏様 Emperor

Kin'yō Wakashū 金葉和歌集 Collection of Golden Leaves
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !


. kofun jidai 古墳時代 burial mound period - 250 to 538 .
- Introduction and legends -


Kokin Wakashū 古今和歌集 Waka poetry anthology
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

. Kokushi 国司 Kuni no tsukasa, regional governor .
and the legal system, Ritsuryō 律令 Ritsuryo

Konjaku Monogatari 今昔物語, Konjaku Monogatarishū 今昔物語集 Anthology of Tales from the Past
collection of over one thousand tales written during the late Heian period (794-1185)
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

. Korean heritage 韓国　Kankoku 　朝鮮 Chosen - Korea .

. koyomi 暦 Japanese calendars .
introduced in the Joogan 貞観 Jogan period (859 - 877).



. Legends of the Heian Period .

. Literature of the Heian Period　平安時代の文学 .


Makimuku Kofun and Himiko 纒向古墳群　卑弥呼


Makura no Sōshi 枕草子 Makura no Soshi, The Pillow Book
. by Sei Shōnagon 清少納言 Sei Shonagon .


. Manyooshuu, Man'yōshū 万葉集 Manyoshu, Manyo-Shu
Poetry "Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves" .


. Map 平安京オーバレイマップ .

. Masakado's Rebellion - Heian History .
. Taira no Masakado 平将門 (? – 940) .

. Matsuo Basho　松尾芭蕉 in the footsteps of the Heian period .

. Medicine - Honzo Wamyo 本草和名 . *

. Modori-bashi, modoribashi 戻橋 / 戻り橋 'Returning Bridge' . - Kyoto

. mokkoogata, mokko no katachi 木瓜形 four-lobed pattern .
..... "quince pattern", originated in Tang dynasty as a motif on courtiers' clothes and was very popular in the Heian period

. Motives and Symbols in Art .


Narumi Gold Mine in Echigo since the Heian period
越後の鳴海金山、血色の鍾乳石

nengoo, nengō 年号 Nengo, "year name", era name
- reference source : wikipedia -

. Nihon Ryōiki 日本霊異記 Nihon Ryoiki .
Ghostly Strange Records from Japan
Record of Miraculous Events in Japan
by Kyookai 景戒 （きょうかい/けいかい) Kyokai - Keikai, priest of Yakushi-Ji in the Nara period

. norito 神詞　のりと Shinto chants, incantations and prayers .

. Nue - Yorimasa and the Nue monster (鵺, 鵼, 恠鳥, or 奴延鳥) .


. Ogura Hyakunin Isshu 小倉百人一首 Poetry Collection of 100 Poets .


. onmyoodoo 陰陽道 Onmyo-Do, The Way of Yin and Yang .
Abe no Seimei 安倍晴明 (921 – 1005)

. Onsen - Eight famous old Hot Springs 八古湯 and their legends .
- and other hot springs dating back to the Heian period

Ookagami, Ōkagami 大鏡 Okagami, The Great Mirror - historical tale
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !


. plum blossoms 梅花 loved in the Heian period.



. red and white 紅白 kohaku (koohaku) .
and the Battle of Dan-no-Ura 壇ノ浦の合戦

Romance - Forced Affection - Rape as the First Act of Romance in Heian Japan
- source : Stuart Iles -

Ryoounshuu, Ryōunshū 凌雲集 Ryounshu - kanshi poetry anthology
- source : wikipedia -


. samurai　侍 Samurai - servant .
In the early Heian period the word samurai meant servant and it had no military connotation and did not refer to a person of elite status.
. 4 The beginnings of the warrior (bushi) class - Heian History .
- - - - - . Rise of the military class .

. Sarutahiko densetsu 猿田彦伝説 Sarutahiko Legends .

. seko, haishi 背子 light robe or lover-friend .

Senzai Wakashū 千載和歌集 "Collection of a Thousand Years"
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

sesshoo, sesshō 摂政 regent
a title given to a regent who was named to assist either a child emperor before his coming of age, or an empress.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

Shika Wakashū 詞花和歌集 "Collection of Verbal Flowers"
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

Shinsen Shōjiroku 新撰姓氏録 "New Selection and Record of Hereditary Titles and Family Names")
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

shooen, shōen 荘園 or 庄園 shoen system
. 2 The development of the shoen system - Heian History .
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !


sonsho darani, Sonshō darani - Holy and Virtuous Spell
Crown of the Victor Dharani / Bucho Sonsho Darani
darani 陀羅尼 spell against the monsters and demons that haunted the capital in the Heian period.


. soohei, sōhei 僧兵 Sohei, monk-warrior, monk-soldier .


. Sumitomo's Rebellion - Heian History .
Fujiwara no Sumitomo 藤原純友 (? - 941)
. . . . . provincial official and pirate, most famous for his efforts to establish a sort of pirate kingdom for himself in the Inland Sea region between 936 and 941.

. Suzakumon 朱雀門 Suzakumon (Shujakumon) Gate .

. Symbols and Art Motives .



. Taika Reform 大化の改新 Taika no Kaishin - 645 .
Emperor Kōtoku 孝徳天皇 Kotoku Tenno

. Takenouchi Monjo 竹内文書 Takenouchi Documents .
- Takenouchi no Sukune 武内宿禰 / 竹内宿禰 / 建内宿禰 - legendary statesman and Kami
Takeshiuchi no Sukune - Takeshi-Uchi // Takenouchi Skune, Takeuchi Sukune

. Taketori Monogatari 竹取物語 Tale of the Bamboo Cutter (Kaguyahime かぐや姫) .

. temari 鞠（まり）- 手毬（てまり）hand ball, rag ball .

. “Time in Medieval Japan” - symposium 2018 .

. tomoe 巴（ともえ）Tomoe pattern .
This pattern first appeared in the Heian period . . .

. Tosa Nikki 土佐日記 Tosa Diary .
-. . . . . Ki no Tsurayuki 紀貫之 (872-945)

. Tsunami 津波 History since 684 .


. Waka poetry and Buddhism 　和歌と仏教 .


. Yamashiro 山城 .
“Yamashiro” was formerly written with the characters meaning “mountain” (山) and “area” (代); in the 7th century, there were things built listing the name of the province with the characters for “mountain” and “ridge”/“back” (山背国). On 4 December 794 (8 Shimotsuki, 13th year of Enryaku), at the time of the christening of Heian-kyō, because of the resultant scenic beauty when Emperor Kammu made his castle utilizing the natural surroundings, the shiro was finally changed to “castle” (山城国).

. yami - Heian no Yami 平安の闇 The Dark Side of the Heian Period .

. yookai, yōkai 妖怪 Yokai monsters, ghosts, spooks .

. Yuge no Miya 弓削の宮 / 弓削宮 - Osaka .
and - Yugi no Miya 由義宮 and the temple 弓削寺 Yugedera

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. Newsletter - Latest Additions .

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- - - - - Nara　奈良 - - - - -

The Nara Period 奈良時代 Nara Jidai from 710 - 794

. ABC List of Contents - Nara Period 奈良時代 .

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. Join the friends on Facebook ! .

- #heianabclist #abclist #korea -
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[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]

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Sanukiyama Legends Kagawa

- BACK to the Daruma Museum -
. Japanese legends and tales 伝説 民話 昔話 - Introduction .
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Sanukiyama no densetsu 讃岐山村の伝説 Legends about Sanukiyama Village

Mount Sanuki 讃岐山- "Sanuki Fuji"

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- - - - - ABC List of the prefectures :


......................................................................................... Kagawa 香川県

akashaguma アカシャグマ the monster Akashaguma

山の尾が寄り合って谷川の流れが渕になっている所ではアカシャグマという妖怪が出る。とてつもなく大きな声を出して大空を飛ぶので振り返って見ると大きな歯をむき出しにして笑っている。

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ama no naku ishi 尼の泣き石
女人禁制の大川山に登りたいという女が尼となって苦行を重ねた後、山に登りはじめたが、社の近くになって足が動かなくなり、持参の手水鉢も動かず、尼は石にしがみついて泣いた。そこは以後尼の泣き石と呼ばれた。

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. daija 大蛇 a huge serpent .
高清左衛門が２０間余りもある大蛇を鉄砲で撃った。大蛇の逃げた先にいた老婆を大蛇の化身と考えた彼は、老婆を撃ち殺した。彼が老婆の家の家人や近所のものに殺されてしまうと、老婆に化けた魔性は正体を現した.

村人が竜王神社に雨乞いすると、小さい蛇が出てきたが、村人舘は小ささを不満に思ってあざけったところ、たちまち大蛇に変身し、尾は向かいの谷に、頭は社の大松にあごをかけていたという。

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hihatsu shonin 飛鉢上人 "The saint with a flying begging bowl"
中寺に飛び鉢の方を使う上人がいて、瀬戸内海を通る船に鉢を飛ばして追いかける。船頭が鉢に白米を入れると鉢は帰るが、入れないと鉢が燃え、火を吹きながらどこまでも船を追いかけてくるという。

--- 法道仙人飛鉢伝説と海の道
瀬戸内海には、鉢が船に対して食を求めるという不思議な伝説が点在する。この伝説の成立背景を、説話や、地元の伝承、伝承地の地理的環境から考察したのが本書である。 托鉢の鉢が自由自在に飛び回り、海上を行く船に対して米を求め、応じぬ場合はすべての米俵を連れ去るという「飛鉢の法」。この法をおこなったうちの一人が、空鉢仙人とも称された播磨の法道仙人である。人びとは、法道仙人に何を求めたのか。その背景には、各地の伝承地をつなぐ「海の道」が見えてくる
- source : iwata-shoin.co.jp ... -

kawa joroo 川女郎 the river prostitute
いくつかの谷の水が集まった渕になっているところに、川女郎が出てくるという。

yamaneko 山猫，Yama no Kami 山の神
真夜中に焼き上がった炭を出そうと働いていると、猫の鳴き声が聞こえる。声は急に大きくなり、きっと山の神さんに脅かされたのだと思って、以後は真夜中に山仕事をするのをやめたという。
. yamaneko 山猫 mountain cat, wild cat .

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janomegasa no hihi 蛇の目傘のヒヒ
薄暗い山道を蛇の目傘を差した若い女が歩いてくるのを見つけた男は、近寄って声をかけた。顔を確かめようとしたが見えず、「イヒヒ、ヒヒッ」と笑うだけだった。以後これは蛇の目傘のヒヒと呼ばれた。
. Hihi 狒々/ 狒狒 / 比々 Hihi Baboon Monster .


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mashoo 魔性 kind of devil，yamainu 山犬 wolf
山中には魔性の通る道があり、家路を急いでこの道を通るとしても大きな音がする。その時山の神に助けを求めると必ず犬が現れて道案内してくれるという。
. yama-inu, yamainu　山犬、豺 "mountain dog", wolf .

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nopperaboo ノッペラ坊
ある日の夕暮れどき、男が首切峠を心細く歩いていると、先方に一人の墨染めの衣を着たお坊さんが歩いていたので近づいたところ、坊さんは目も口もノッペラ坊であったという。
. nopperaboo のっぺらぼう Nopperabo , faceless ghost .

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ooburoshiki オオブロシキ
炭焼小屋で茶を沸かしていると、火にあたりに来る者がいた。その男は自分の金玉を火であぶって、どんどん拡げてゆくので、金玉に包み込まれては大変だと、小屋の主は金玉に薪の燃え株を投げ込んだという。

.......................................................................

shaguma しゃぐま / 赤熊 / 赭熊
ある日のたそがれ時、一人の男が狸道の薮の脇の道を通ると、薮が動くのでのぞくと、赤い髪でおんぼろしゃぐまの大きいやつが現れた。このやぶはシャグマヤブと呼ばれるようになった。

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shirofusuma シロフスマ Shiro-Fusuma "white sliding screen"
白襖（しろぶすま） Shirobusuma
The ghost shirofusuma シロフスマ has one eye and one leg.
it comes out and walks around the gate. It walks skilfully around
and then goes back into the warehouse.

.......................................................................

shooben nomi ショウベンノミ a ghost drinking urin
炭焼の山小屋の脇に、便所の代わりにタンゴを据えて小便するが、真夜中に小便を飲みに来るものがいるという。見たものはいないがそれをショウベンノミと言うようになった。

.......................................................................

soorenkaki そうれんかき the monster Sorenkaki
たそがれ時にはそうれんかきがよく出る。2人の男が輿をかついで続々と通るため、他の者はそこを通るゆとりがないという。死霊の仕業と考えられる。

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sumotori boozu スモトリ坊主
茶道の辺りにはスモトリ坊主がいて、小さい子供の姿になって通る人に「すもうをとらんか」と誘いかける。子供とあのどれないなかなか手ごわい相手だという妖怪だった。

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. tanuki 狸 - mujina 狢 － racoon dog, badger legends .
tanuki 狸 a badger
炭焼きの男が夕食をネゴヤでとっていると小屋が大きくゆれて茶碗の飯も上から落ちるほこりで食べられず、狸の仕業ならよいが、祟りではあるまいかと恐れて下山してしまったという。

夜大きな石が山頂から転げ落ちる音がしたり、早朝に稲刈りの音がするが、出かけてみても何も起きておらず、狸の仕業だと言われる。砂ほり狸は自分の小便を隠すため、前かきに砂をばらばらとかけるという

ある男が、蕗の薹を食べて酔った狸を捕まえ、狸汁にして仲間と食べたところ、皆腹の調子を損ね、男は数日間寝込んでしまったという。

雨気の多い夜、ちらちらと青い灯が見え、一列に並んで歩く様子は嫁入り行列の灯のようである。向かいの谷から、「どこぞ嫁さんが来たのか」と叫ぶ声がするが、祝い事はない。狸の仕業と言われる。
中熊谷に沿う道の大きな薮のあるところは狸道で、シャリシャリと小豆を洗う音がするが誰もいない。向かいの谷から「栗の木で首つりが舞いよるぞ」と叫ぶ声がするが、首つりなどはいないという。

- - - - -
tanuki no yome-iri 狸の嫁入り "the badger takes a bride" - procession
When it gets slightly dark in the evening, especially when there is a little rain,
people can see the lanterns of a tanuki procession.
The light is slightly blue, almost like a procession for a funeral, and very light.
When a badger licks its tail, the lanterns begin to glow.

- - - - -

. Tengu 天狗と伝説 Tengu legends "Long-nosed Goblin" .
When a Tengu was flying over, he lost one of his geta 下駄 wooden clogs,
which fell on the rock ウブの岩 Ubu no Iwa and split it into two.
During amagoi 雨乞い a rain ritual, the Dragon King is venerated,
if there come white clouds, a Tengu comes down and sits on matsu no ki 松の木 a pine tree.
Now it begins to rain.
. Ryuu-oo 竜王 Ryu-O - The Dragon King .


- - - - -

yamainu, yama-inu 山犬 a wolf
男が葉たばこの収穫の帰り、疲れた足取りで夜半の山道を歩いていると、山の神さんを祀ってある辺りから山伏がついてきて家に着くまで見送ってくれる。道に迷ったときに山伏が道案内してくれたという例も多い。

- - - - -

Yangyosan ヤンギョウサン / kubikire uma 首切馬 節分の日には阿波の国からヤンギョウサンと言う首切馬が峠を越えて四つ足堂までやって来る。 Yotsuashi Do 四つ足堂

- - - - -

yamanba 山姥 an old mountain hag
昔々、山の中にある家で風呂を立てると山姥が隣の人に化けてやってきた。家人が先に入ると、山姥は風呂桶ごと頭にのせて山中へ走った。家人は松の枝につかまって何とか逃げることができ、以来松はめでたい木となった。

おばあさんに養子としてもらわれていった子供のことが気にかかった母親が後を追うと、子供の泣き声がしたので叫ぶと、おばあさんは消えた。辺りには赤ちゃんの手首が落ちていた。おばあさんは機を織る山姥、hataori basama ハタオリバサマだった。

お母さんが買い物に行っている間、2人の子供が留守番していると、山姥がやってきてお母さんのふりをした。戸を開けてしまった2人は逃げ、天から降りた金の綱を伝って天に昇った。山姥も追ったが腐れ縄が切れて落ち、石で頭を打って死んだという。

米を運んでいる途中、馬が動かなくなったので不思議に思った馬方が周りを見ると、松の枝に何かがいて声がするので答えると、馬鍬の歯のような口をした大きなものが木の枝で笑っていたという。
- - - - -
yamaneko 山猫，mountain cat / Yama no Kami 山の神
真夜中に焼き上がった炭を出そうと働いていると、猫の鳴き声が聞こえる。声は急に大きくなり、きっと山の神さんに脅かされたのだと思って、以後は真夜中に山仕事をするのをやめたという。

- - - - -
yama no kai 山の怪 a mountain monster
山で木を切るため山小屋に泊まっていると、夜に向かいの山で木を切っている音がして眠れないので翌朝文句を言ったが同じ言葉を返された。恐らく山の怪のしわざであろうと言われている。

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- reference : nichibun yokai database 妖怪データベース -
讃岐山村の伝説と昔話 by 谷原博信

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. Legends about Kobo Daishi Kukai - 弘法大師　空海 - 伝説 .

. Japanese legends and tales 伝説　民話　昔話 - Introduction .

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ryuma dragon horse legends

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. Japanese legends and tales 伝説 民話 昔話 - Introduction .
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ryuuma, ryooma, ryuume 竜馬 / 龍馬 と伝説
Legends about Ryuma the Dragon Horse

. ryuu, ryū 龍　竜　伝説　Ryu - dragon legends .
- Introduction -

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- - - - - ABC List of the prefectures :


......................................................................................... Aichi 愛知県
.......................................................................
岡崎市 Okasaki city

At 伝誓寺 the Temple Densei-Ji the famous carver 左甚五郎 Hidari Jingoro had carved 竜馬 a dragon horse.
Every night, it left the temple and destructed the fields in the area.
So they put a net around the image to keep the horse in place.
. Hidari Jingoro 左甚五郎 - carpenter .

......................................................................................... Hyogo 兵庫県
宝塚 Takarazuka

In the winter of 967, 源満仲 Minamoto no Mitsunaka was hunting at 能勢の山 Mount Nose.
At night a female dragon appeared in his dream and said:
"I will give you a Ryum in gratitude, if you destroy the daija 大蛇 huge snake in the river.
When he woke up, a horse was standing nearby.
Mitsunaka got on the horse and killed the huge serpent.
The horse was still alive when Mitsunaka died, but enentualle died too.
THe vassals of Mitsunake buried the horse on a hill and built 駒塚 a small temple hall.
The hall was called 駒塚山峯の堂 / 駒塚山堂 Hall on Mount Komazuka.
Later on March 18 in 1470, there was a strange light on the Komazuka.
A priest from 慈光山普明寺 the temple Fumyo-Ji places special offerings at the place and
soon there was thunder and the head of the horse came out of the ground.
The priest took the head home and called it Ryoma no Kami 竜馬神, the Ryoma Deity.
It was then venerated at 金堂 the Golden Hall.
Its skull is buried at 普明寺 the Temple Fumyo-Ji. The bones of the horse are useful for amagoi 雨乞い rain rituals.
. ryuujo 竜女と伝説 / 龍女 Ryujo - Legends about female dragons .




......................................................................................... Kochi 高知県
土佐清水市 Tosa Shimizu city 幡多郡 Hata district // 七不思議 the seven wonders

. ryuutoo 龍燈 / 龍灯 / 竜灯 と伝説 Legends about Ryuto, "Dragon Lantern" .
At the Shinto Shrine 蹉跎明神 Sada Myojin at 蹉跎岬 Sada Misaki there is a special
天燈竜燈 "heaven light, dragon light".
This is one of the seven wonders of Hata.




......................................................................................... Nagano 長野県
長野市 Nagano city 桐原 Kirihara

. The Dragon Horse of Prince Shotoku Taishi 聖徳太子 .




......................................................................................... Shiga 滋賀県
.......................................................................
東浅井郡 Higashi Azai district

In 野村宿 the postal station Nomura there are two special keyaki ケヤキ zelkova trees
each with a huge hole in the large stem:
ryuu no ki「竜の木」the Dragon tree and doo no ki「堂の木」the tree of the temple hall.
They appeared after a large fire during the time of
Tenmei no Kikin 天明の大飢饉 the great famine of the Tenmei period (1782).
When the fire came close to the temple, there appeared a dragon on the zelkova tree
and splashed water over the area.
This could finally stop the fire which had lasted for three days in the area.




......................................................................................... Yamagata 山形県
.......................................................................
最上郡 Mogami district 金山町 Kaneyama town

龍馬山 Mount Ryuba San

- quote -
Mountain in Kaneyama Town with a distinctive precarious cliff face.
Ryuba-san AKA Komaga-take or Myojinga-take,
is a peak on the western banks of the Kaneyama river.
Located in the Miyachi area of Kaneyama Town, the mountain is renowned for its imposing cliff face.
According to folklore, when Shugendo was banned on 神室山 Kamuro-san,
the Kami (deities) became angry and caused flooding all over the town.
This was how Ryuba-san got its shape. However, more realistic is
that the mountain formed from an undersea volcanic eruption.
The eruption sent out lava that collapsed under its own weight,
causing the unique mountain shape.
Legend has it Ryuba-san is home to a Ryuba, a mythical beast.
Ryuba have a white dragon upper-half, and a horse lower-half.
Once every few decades, the Ryuba can be seen flying up into the sky.
In addition, Fudo Myo-O, (AKA Acala The Immovable) made his presence known inside the cliff face.
In the past, locals dedicated a hall on the mountain called Fudo Myo-O Do.

- more - mountains/ryuba-san ... -

- - -

On Mount Ryuba there lives a white Dragon horse. It can be seen once in every 60 years.
The lord of 新庄 Shinjo hit it with his gun and the Ryuba never showed again.
On the path toward 杉沢集落 the hamlet Sugizawa there is a large boulder
with the hoof prints of the dragon horse.

- - -

Around 1235, there was a long and strong rain and earth kept coming down
for seven days and nights to become on 神室山 Mount Kamuro.
Then 龍馬 a white Dragon horse came walking on it
and thus the mountain was called 龍馬山 Mount Ryuba San.

Ryuma was born in 杉沢集落 the hamlet Sugizawa.
Because it was very small, he looked for a better place to live and climbed 不動山 Mount Fudo.
He took a rest by the Shrine Gate, where his footprint was left.
Because Ryuma had decided to stay here, Mount Fudo was re-named 龍馬山 Mount Ryuba.

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- reference : nichibun yokai database 妖怪データベース -

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. animals and their legends 動物と伝説 - - ABC list .

. Japanese legends and tales 伝説　民話　昔話 - Introduction .

- Yookai 妖怪 Yokai Monsters of Japan -

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ronin masterless samurai

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. Japanese legends and tales 伝説 民話 昔話 - Introduction .
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Ronin 浪人と伝説 Legends about masterless Samurai

. 47 Ronin and the Chushingura 47浪人　/ 忠臣蔵　 .

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- - - - - ABC List of the prefectures :


......................................................................................... Gunma 群馬県
利根郡 Tone district みなかみ町 Minakami town

. uma 馬 koma 駒伝説　horse legends .
A rich farmer named 塩原多助 Shiohara Tasuke had a son.
When his father died he tried hard to keep the family together.
But his stepmother お亀 O-Kame took some Ronin 浪人 masterless Samurai in the home and abused her son.
So Tasuke decided to leave the home.
Tasuke said good bye to his beloved horse 青 Sei, crying, walking away in the moonshine.
When he settled down in Edo, he soon became a very rich man.
O-Kame had a daughter, who was about to marry a Ronin, but at the wedding night,
the horse Sei jumped into the home and killed bride and groom.




......................................................................................... Fukushima 福島県
福島市 Fukushima city 飯坂町

. daija, orochi 大蛇 a huge serpent, great snake .
. Taira no Masakado 平将門 / 平將門 .

.......................................................................
Fukushima いわき市 Iwaki city 平鎌田町 Tairakamada town

akizoonushi ga fuchi 顕蔵主淵 アキゾウヌシガフチ The deep pool Akizonushi

Near 弘源寺 the Temple Kogen-Ji there is a deep pool, Akinonushi.
Nearby lived a couple, the husband was roonin 浪人 a masterless Samurai.
The priest from 弘源寺 the Temple Kogen-Ji fell in love with the woman and invited her many times.
But she did not do it and instead told her husband.
The angry husband killed the priest and threw him in the nearby river.
Now every time the husband passed the the place, there appeared a monster samurai,
and soon the husband went crazy and died.
They say this was the curse of the priest.




......................................................................................... Kanagawa 神奈川県
.......................................................................
鎌倉市 Kamakura city

. Nobusuma 野衾 (のぶすま）"wild quilt", "wild blanket" .
Yokai squirrel, Yokai bat

In April there were rumors about a strange thing coming to the beach.
One day 鳶の伊兵衛 Tonbi no Ihei killed it.
It looked like a weasel with eyes like a rabit and wings.
Nobody knew what this creature was, so they went to roonin 浪人 a masterless Samurai
who lived near by and asked him.
He told them this was Nobusuma, which usually lived in the mountains.

.......................................................................
Kanagawa 久里濱村 　/ 久里浜 Kurihama village

shoonin 上人 a saint
At 念徳寺 the Temple Zentoku-Ji there lived a priest called 禅誉上人 Saint Senyo.
Once a Ronin 浪人 masterless Samurai walked past who had just shot a bird with his arrow.
The next day a female duck came to the temple, carrying the head of a duck.
It was the head which the Ronin had shot at, the husband of the female duck.
The saint held a special prayer ritual and oh wonder,
the duck flew up into the sky.
When the Ronin heard about it, he threw away his bow and became a pupil of the Saint.




......................................................................................... Kyoto 京都府
宮津市 Miyazu city

koma jishi 高麗獅子 Statues of Korean Lions
One day the statues of Korean Lions became alive, jumped to the sky and went to the town.
They behaved badly and caused a lot to trouble to the people,
When a Ronin cut off one of its legs, the Shishi fell down, but got on its legs again and run away.
When the villagers checked the next morning, one of the Shishi had its leg cut off
and blood had been coming out.
. shishimai 獅子舞と伝説 Legends about the Korean lion dance .




......................................................................................... Miyagi 宮城県
柴田郡 Shibata district 川崎町 Kawasaki town

kesakiri Jizoo 袈裟切り地蔵 Jizo with a cut priest's robes

In former times, at 竜雲寺 the Temple Ryoun-Ji there was a stone statue of Jizo Bosatsu in front of the gate.
This Jizo would turn into an onyudo 大入道 O-Nyudo monster and threaten people,
so not many people came this road any more.
One evening, a Ronin named 梁川庄八 Yanagawa Shohachi passed this road
and the O-Nyudo monster appeared.
When Yanagawa tried to kill it with his sword, there was a strange sound
and the monster disappeared.
When they checked the next morning, there was a statue of Jizo Bosatsu with his right shoulder cut.
Since this event, the place was known as Yanagawa Shohachi kesakiri no Jizo 柳川庄八袈裟切りの地蔵
"Jizo who had his priest robe cut by Yanagawa Shohachi".
Villagers think the O-Nyudo was 狸 a Tanuki who had shape-shifted.
. Jizō - Jizo Bosatsu 地蔵菩薩 - ABC List .
. Oonyuudoo 大入道 O-Nyudo Monster .




......................................................................................... Shiga 滋賀県
大津市 Otsu city

jogen mushi 常元虫、浄元虫 an insect named Jogen
In the village of 志賀郡別保村 Beppo a Samurai cut off his hair and took on the priest name of 浄元 Jogen.
But he was a heinous fellow. If a traveller stayed over night at his home,
he killed him and took all of his belongings.
Eventually his vicious deeds became known
and he was bound on kaki no ki 柿の木 a persimmon tree for seven days before being killed.
His dead body was then buried under the tree.
Now many insects came crawling out from under the tree, with a kind of human face.
The villagers called the insects "Jogen mushi".

......................................................................................... Tokyo 東京都
.......................................................................

kiku 菊 chrysanthemum - a woman named O-Kiku
お菊 O-Kiku, the daughter of the Ronin 向坂甚内 Kosaka Jinnai and
. sara yashiki　皿屋敷 "the Dish Mansion" .




......................................................................................... Yamanashi 山梨県

Tenguyama 天狗山 Mount Tengu
At 甲州白峰 Mount Shiramine in Koshu a Ronin met a large man in the mountains
and they started wrestling. But they soon fell down in the valley.
The large man twisted the head of the Ronin, so he swooned.
When he came back to his senses, the big man had vanished.
His head was turned left and did not come back to normal.
But his ability to shoot grew better, a hit at each of 100 shots.
. Tengu 天狗と伝説 Tengu legends "Long-nosed Goblin" .
In Toyama 富山県, to the South of Tateyama is Mount Tenguyama 天狗山.

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- reference : nichibun yokai database 妖怪データベース -

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. Persons, People, Personen and their legends - - ABC list .

. Legends about Kobo Daishi Kukai - 弘法大師　空海 - 伝説 .

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reisui miraculous water

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. Japanese legends and tales 伝説 民話 昔話 - Introduction .
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reisui 霊水と伝説 Legends about miraculous water

. Mizu no Kamisama 水の神様 God of Water .
Suijin-sama 水神様 - Introduction -

. Temple Kiyomizu-dera 清水寺 .

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- - - - - ABC List of the prefectures :


......................................................................................... Akita 秋田県
秋田市 Akita city

. tsue 杖と伝説 Legends about a walking staff, .
In 秋田市牛島 Akita city, Ushijima, at the Shrine 三皇宮 Sanko no Miya, the General Sakanoue Tamuramaro
placed his tsue 杖 walking cane into the ground.
Soon water begun to gush forth, now seen as reisui 霊水 miraculous water

. Sakanoue no Tamuramaro 坂上田村麻呂 (758 - 811) .




......................................................................................... Saga 佐賀県

. Anpukuji 安福寺 Anpuku-Ji, Tsutsumi .
霊水堂 Reisuido Hall for the sacred water

......................................................................................... Tochigi 栃木県
古河市 Koga city

. Kōbō Daishi Kūkai 弘法大師　空海 - 伝説　 Kobo Daishi Kukai Legends .
Kobo-Sui 弘法水 Water from Kobo Daishi
When reisui 霊水 miraculous water came sprouting from the ground in March,
people came here from many places.
But in Winter the water stopped.
People in Edo used to have rituals for Kobo Daishi to keep the water flowing.

- quote 思案橋の弘法水
古河市下辺見の向堀川に思案橋という名の小さな橋があります。
- reference source : Ibaraki -

. Reisui Yakushi Nyorai 霊水薬師如来 Yakushi Nyorai with miraculous water .

. 霊水山 Reisuizan 普門院 Fumon-In 光明寺 Komyo-Ji - Kanman Fudo 感満不動 .




......................................................................................... Tokyo 東京都
Tokyo 目黒区 Meguro ward

. Meguro Fudo Temple 目黒不動 .
円仁 Priest Ennin had a dream, where Fudo Myo-O told him to produce a spring with fresh water for the village,
so he hit the ground with his tokko 独鈷 Vajra and clear water came forth.
Even in the hottest summer this spring does not dry out.

. Ennin Jigaku Daishi (794 – 864) 円仁 慈覚大師 .


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- reference : nichibun yokai database 妖怪データベース -

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. Legends about Kobo Daishi Kukai - 弘法大師　空海 - 伝説 .

. Japanese legends and tales 伝説　民話　昔話 - Introduction .

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unsui monk legends

- BACK to the Daruma Museum -
. Japanese legends and tales 伝説 民話 昔話 - Introduction .
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unsui 雲水と伝説 Legends about itinerant monks

. kooun ryuusui 行雲流水 "wandering monk", Unsui .
komusoo 虚無僧　伝説 Komuso legends about begging mendikant monks

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- - - - - ABC List of the prefectures :


......................................................................................... Aichi 愛知県

zenchoo 前兆 an omen
When the uncle of the villager was still small, he often went to 龍潭寺 the temple Ryotan-Ji

to stay over night and play.
Once he heard a frightening sound at the main hall.
The unsui 雲水 itinerant monk staying there said:
"This is an omen. Tomorrow someone will die!"
And indeed the next day a dead person was carried to the temple.

尾張三十三観音Pilgrimage to 33 Kannon Temples in Owari - Nr. 18




......................................................................................... Fukushima 福島県
須賀川市 Sukagawa city 小倉 Kokura

. daija, orochi 大蛇 a huge serpent, great snake .
Since there lived daija 大蛇 a huge serpent on 雲水峯 Mount Unsuimine, nobody was allowed to climb up there before the official opening of the mountain on July 15. The mountain is on the border of 郡山市田村町 Tamura town in Fukushima and 須賀川市塩田 Oda in Sukagawa city.
It is 677 m high.

......................................................................................... Gunma 群馬県
北群馬郡 Kita-Gunma district 子持村 Komochi village

. kozoo 小僧と伝説 Legends about temple acolytes and youngsters .
At 双林寺 the temple Sorin-Ji there is a statue of a kozoo 小僧 young temple acolyte.
He once asked ritual question to the unsui 雲水 itinerant monk.
As punishment, his arm was broken.

......................................................................................... Miyagi 宮城県
仙台市 Sendai city

. kitsune densetsu 狐と伝説 fox legends .
In a district below the castle of Sendai there lived a Samurai
named 勝又弥左衛門 Katsumata Yazaemon who was very skillfull in hunting foxes.
Once an old fox shape-shifted into unsui 雲水 an itinerant monk
and asked him not to kill foxes any more, but he was killed.
Once there came a white fox with a message from the Deity 明神 Myojin,
but he was also driven away and killed.
. another version of this legend .




......................................................................................... Shizuoka 静岡県
御前崎市Omaezaki city

. neko 猫 / ねこ と伝説 Legends about cats, Katzen .
At the Temple 西林院 Seirin-In in Omaezaki there lived a monk who had once helped a cat.
The cat kept living at the temple.
Once a monk was taking a nap on the veranda and the cat was near, looking at the garden.
A cat from the neighbourhood came and asked the temple cat to come with it make 伊勢参り a pilgrimage to Ise.
The monk thought this was strange.
That night he heard a strange noise from the ceiling.
An unsui 雲水 an itinerant monk who stayed at the temple also woke up from the noise.
When he checket the ceiling next morning, he found the temple cat and the neighbourL's cat laying in their blood.
And a mouse waring the robes of an Unsui was dead on the floor.





......................................................................................... Yamagata 山形県
最上郡 Mogami district 真室川町 Mamurogawa town

bakemono 化物 a monster
The temple 正源寺 Shogen-Ji　was abandoned and without a priest.
Monsters had come to live there.
Once unsui 雲水 an itinerant monk stayed over night at the temple.　
He was strong and drove the monsters away.　
The villagers were very greatful and asked the monk to stay there at the temple.　




......................................................................................... Yamanashi 山梨県
山梨市 Yamanashi city

. Unsui at 長源寺 the Temple Chogen-Ji. .

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- reference : nichibun yokai database 妖怪データベース -

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. Persons, People, Personen and their legends - - ABC list .

. Japanese legends and tales 伝説　民話　昔話 - Introduction .

- Yookai 妖怪 Yokai Monsters of Japan -

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