Heian Period Japan

2019-12-31

Welcome !

- BACK to the Daruma Museum -
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- - - - - Welcome to the Heian Period of Japan !

The Heian period 平安時代 Heian jidai
794 to 1185.

CLICK for more colorful photos !

Read the introduction here:
- - - WIKIPEDIA - - -

This blog also covers the history and culture until the Heian period:

Legendary Emperors (660 BC - 269 AD)
Kofun Period (270-539)
Asuka Period (539–710)

. Nara Period (710 to 794) 　奈良時代 .

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Mosts of the material is preliminarily collected on my facebook page.
. Join - Heian Period - on Facebook ! .

Details of the period will be introduced.
The many legends of this period, including legends and haiku about it, will be introduced in more detail.

This BLOG also collects legends, tales and folklore of Japan.

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- PPP - / - QQQ - / - RRR - / - SSS - / - TTT -

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Gabi Greve

. ABC List of Contents - Heian Period .

A Gallery of the Darumapedia, Daruma Museum Japan.

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2019-12-30

ABC List Contents

- BACK to the Daruma Museum -
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. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

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ABC List of Contents - Heian Period (794 to 1185)　平安時代
- - - - - and the periods up to Heian

. Books about the Heian Period .

. Reference online .

. kojiki 古事記 Furukotofumi, the oldest chronicle in Japan .

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source : metmuseum.org/toah

. Persons of the Heian Period .

. Shrines of the Heian Period　神社 .

. Temples of the Heian Period　寺 .

. Legends and tales 伝説 .

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- - - - - Keywords, terms, specialities - - - - -

Anna 安和 era (968 - 970)
- source : wikipedia -
- - - - - . Anna Incident - Heian History .

. aoba no fue 青葉の笛 flute with green leaves .
flute of the monsters 鬼笛 onibue

Architecture in the Heian Period
James T. Ulak
In 784 the emperor Kammu (737–806) relocated the seat of government to Nagaoka. Nagaoka was marred by contention and assassination, however, rendering it an inauspicious location for the capital. Thus, in 794 a site to the east of Nagaoka on a plain sheltered on the west, north, and east by mountains and intersected by ample north-south rivers was judged appropriate by geomancers. Named Heian-kyō (“Capital of Peace and Tranquility”) and later known as Kyōto, this city was modeled on the grid pattern of the Tang Chinese capital at Chang’an. Heian-kyō remained the site of the imperial residence . . . (100 of 10,500 words)
- source : global.britannica.com/art -

. Aristocrats in the Heian Period .

. Ashikaga Gakkoo　足利学校 Ashikaga Gakkō, The Ashikaga School,
The Ashikaga Academy and Ono no Takamura 小野篁 .

. Asuka Kiyomihara Palace　飛鳥　清見原 .

auspicious symbols
- matsukuware tsuru　松くわえ鶴 crane holding a pine branch

. awabi densetsu あわび　アワビ　鰒　鮑伝説　abalone legends .

. Ban Dainagon Ekotoba 伴大納言絵詞 picture scroll about the fire of Otemon 大手門 .

. Bandits, Pirates, Robbers - Heian History .

. Binbogami 貧乏神, Kyuuki 窮鬼 Kyuki - God of Poverty .

. Buddhism in Heian Japan .
- - - - - . Developments in Buddhism .

Buddhist sculptors 仏師 busshi - Heian Era
定朝 Jōchō Busshi (Jocho), 円派 Enpa and 院派 Inpa School
Magaibutsu 磨崖仏 cliff carvings
Artwork of the new sects, Tendai 天台 and Shingon 真言.
- source : Mark Schumacher -

. bussokusekika 仏足石歌, "Buddha footprint poems" .

Cleveland Museum pieces
Art of Japan: Masterpieces from the Cleveland Museum of Art / Heian (14 results)
- source : books.google.co.jp -

Colors of the Heian period
. . . A glimpse of many shades of color at the neck, sleeve and hemline . . .
check : Fujiwara no Teika "Meigetsu-Ki" Bright Moon Diary
. Japanese Colors - Introduction .
- - - - - . The Traditional Colors of Japan / by Sarah W . *

. daidokoro, daibandokoro 台盤所 kitchen .

Daijō-kan, Dajō-kan, Daijookan 太政官 Great Council of State
three ministers— : Daijō-daijin (Chancellor), Sadaijin (Minister of the Left) and Udaijin (Minister of the Right)
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

Dazaifu 大宰府 regional government in Kyushu, "the distant capital"
from the 8th to the 12th centuries.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

. dengaku mai 田楽舞 Dengaku dance .

. Echizen shikki 越前漆器 Echizen laquer ware .
In 527A.D., when the 26th emperor of Japan was young, he ordered a lacquerware craftsman in Echizen to repair his crown . . .

emaki　絵巻 picture scrolls - tba
Ban Dainagon ekotoba (The Tale of the Courtier Ban Dainagon)
Chōjū giga (Scroll of Frolicking Animals)
Genji Monogatari emaki (The Illustrated Tale of Genji)
Shigisan engi emaki (Legends of Mt. Shigi)
- - Emaki, narrative scrolls from Japan – Miyeko Murase
- - Critical Terms for Art History - Nelson, Shiff
- - The Practices of Painting in Japan - Quitman Phillips

. Food and Drink in the Heian Period .

. Fujiwara regency - Heian History .

. gangu 玩具, omochcha おもちゃ toy, toys .
In the Heian period, it was called “mote (or mochi)- asobimono (mote or mochi means to hold in a hand, and asobimono means something to play with),” or it was referred to as simply “asobimono” in the Tale of Genji.

. Genji Monogatari 源氏物語 The Tale of Genji .
. . . . . Murasaki Shikibu

. Genpei War 源平戦争 - Heian History .
the Minamoto (源) and the Taira (平). The Heian Period ends with the Genpei War.

. gold and silver mines - kinzan 金山 ginzan 銀山 .

. Gold and Silver, Zipangu .

. goryoo, onryoo 御霊、怨霊 vengeful spirits .
Sudo Tenno 崇道天皇 and his son,
Iyo Shinno 伊予親王.
his mother, Fujiwara Fujin, 藤原婦人
Fujiwara Hirotsugu, 藤原広嗣
Tachibana Hayanari, 橘逸勢
Bunya no Miyata Maro　文室宮田麻呂
Kibi no Makibi 吉備真備
Sugawara Michizane　菅原道真

. Gozu Tennō 牛頭天王　Gozu Tenno Deity .

haiku about Heian　俳句と平安

hairstyle

. hamaya 破魔矢 and busha matsuri 歩射祭 or 奉射祭 .
- - - - - New Year ritual archery

. Hanami　花見 "Blossom viewing party" .

. haniwa はにわ【埴輪】“clay cylinder”clay figures .
- and the Hajibe 土師部 clan / mogari funeral rites もがり【殯】

. Hashihime, Hashi Hime 橋姫 / はし姫 "Princess of the Bridge" .
turning into a vengeful Oni demon

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. Heian bijin　平安美人 a beauty of the Heian Period, Heian Beauty . *
- - - - - . Aristocrats in the Heian Period - beauty .
- - - - - . The Fair Face of Japanese Beauty
Cosmetics for Japanese Women from the Heian Period to Today. *

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Heianjo, Heian Jo 平安城 "The Castle of Heian"
平安城首 / 平安城尾 / 左青竜 / 右白虎 / 前朱雀 / 後玄武
『都名所図会』で京を巡る Kyo Meisho Zue - Illustrations of the famous places
. 都名所図会 Kyo Meisho Zue . *

Heian Kyoo 平安京 (literally "tranquility and peace capital") HeianKyo, Heian Kyo
was one of several former names for the city now known as Kyoto. It was the capital of Japan for over one thousand years, from 794 to 1868 with an interruption in 1180.
- Including Kadono District (Kadono-gun, Atago 愛宕郡) and Otagi District (Otagi-gun, 愛宕郡) of Yamashiro Province (Yamashiro no kuni, then 山背国)
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !
- - - - - .The Ancient Capital Heian Kyo - by Parker .

. Heian matsuri 平安祭 Heian festival - Kyoto .
Jidai matsuri 時代祭 "Festival of the Ages" - October
- - - - - Heian Jinguu 平安神宮 Heian Jingu Shrine

. Heike densetsu　平家伝説 legends about the Heike clan .
The Tale of the Heike 平家物語 Heike Monogatari - 平 Taira - and more

. Heike tanuki 源平狸 papermache doll of a badger .
at Temple Yashima-Ji 屋島寺, Kagawa. The Tanuki believed that his former master was a prince of the Taira clan.

. hinomaru, hi no maru　日の丸 the Japanese Flag .
- - - - - Emperor Monmu used a flag representing the sun in his court in 701.

. hiragana　平仮名　ひらがな　writing system .

. Hiraizumi 平泉 in Iwate, the Golden Hall .
Fujiwara no Kiyohira 藤原清衡 and the Hiraizumi Fujiwara clan

. History of the Heian Period .
. . . . . Heian History by dates
- source : #heianhistory -

. Hoogen no ran, Hôgen no ran 　保元の乱　Hogen Disturbace - 1156 .

. ikiryō, shōryō, seirei, ikisudama 生霊 Ikiryo, "living ghost" .

Ima Kagami - Fujiwara no Tametsune

. imayoo, imayō 今様 Imayo, popular song, imayoo uta 今様歌 .
Imayo Awase: Song contest in the Heian period

. inbi no gohan 忌火の御飯 "rice on the memorial day" .

. Ise monogatari 伊勢物語 Tales of Ise .
. . . . . and Yatsuhashi 八橋

. ishinago 石子 / イシナゴ　/ いしなご / 石なご / 石投 / 擲石 toy stone pebbles .
いしなどり / 石な取り ishinadori / いしなごとり ishinagotori / 石投げ ishinage
and
saigi　賽木、伊勢の賽木（いせのさいぎ）wooden dice from Ise

. Jishin no Ran 壬申の乱 Jishin war - 672 .
Ōama no ōji 大海人皇子 Prince Oama - 天武天皇 Tenmu Tenno

. Kagerō Nikki　陽炎日記 / 蜻蛉日記 Kagero Nikki, The Kagero Diary .
- - - - - The Mayfly Diary, The Gossamer Years, by Michitsuna no Haha (ca. 935-95)

. kaiawase, kai-awase,kai awase 貝合; 貝合わせ shell-matching game .

. kanbun (kambun) 漢文 written Chinese, the official language *

. Kaneuri Kichiji 金売吉次 / 金売り吉次 / 吉次信高 / 橘次末春
Kichiji Nobutaka, Kitsuji Sueharu, Kane-uri Kichiji .
- legendary gold trader of the Heian Period

. kanju manju 干珠満珠 the tide jewels .

kanpaku 関白 Kampaku, regent
first secretary and regent who assists an adult emperor
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

. kaoo, kaō 花押 Kao official signature .

. Kappa 河童 Water Goblin Legends of the Heian period .

. karuta, uta karuta 歌留多 Poetry card game .

. Kawara no In 河原院 Kawara-no-in - Kyoto .
official residence of 源融 Minamoto no Toru (822 - 895)

. kemari 蹴鞠 kick ball .

. Kimigayo 君が代 the Japanese Anthem .

kimono and fashion
- source : History-of-Kimono -
. juuni hitoe　十二単衣　12 layered court robe .

. Kinoshitagoma, 木ノ下駒 horse toy from Sendai .

kinri 禁裏 / 禁中 / 御所 living quarters of the emperor
- kinri sama 禁裏様 Emperor

Kin'yō Wakashū 金葉和歌集 Collection of Golden Leaves
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

. kofun jidai 古墳時代 burial mound period - 250 to 538 .
- Introduction and legends -

Kokin Wakashū 古今和歌集 Waka poetry anthology
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

. Kokushi 国司 Kuni no tsukasa, regional governor .
and the legal system, Ritsuryō 律令 Ritsuryo

Konjaku Monogatari 今昔物語, Konjaku Monogatarishū 今昔物語集 Anthology of Tales from the Past
collection of over one thousand tales written during the late Heian period (794-1185)
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

. Korean heritage 韓国　Kankoku 　朝鮮 Chosen - Korea .

. koyomi 暦 Japanese calendars .
introduced in the Joogan 貞観 Jogan period (859 - 877).

. Legends of the Heian Period .

. Literature of the Heian Period　平安時代の文学 .

Makimuku Kofun and Himiko 纒向古墳群　卑弥呼

Makura no Sōshi 枕草子 Makura no Soshi, The Pillow Book
. by Sei Shōnagon 清少納言 Sei Shonagon .

. Manyooshuu, Man'yōshū 万葉集 Manyoshu, Manyo-Shu
Poetry "Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves" .

. Map 平安京オーバレイマップ .

. Masakado's Rebellion - Heian History .
. Taira no Masakado 平将門 (? – 940) .

. Matsuo Basho　松尾芭蕉 in the footsteps of the Heian period .

. Medicine - Honzo Wamyo 本草和名 . *

. Modori-bashi, modoribashi 戻橋 / 戻り橋 'Returning Bridge' . - Kyoto

. mokkoogata, mokko no katachi 木瓜形 four-lobed pattern .
..... "quince pattern", originated in Tang dynasty as a motif on courtiers' clothes and was very popular in the Heian period

. Motives and Symbols in Art .

Narumi Gold Mine in Echigo since the Heian period
越後の鳴海金山、血色の鍾乳石

nengoo, nengō 年号 Nengo, "year name", era name
- reference source : wikipedia -

. Nihon Ryōiki 日本霊異記 Nihon Ryoiki .
Ghostly Strange Records from Japan
Record of Miraculous Events in Japan
by Kyookai 景戒（きょうかい/けいかい) Kyokai - Keikai, priest of Yakushi-Ji in the Nara period

. norito 神詞　のりと Shinto chants, incantations and prayers .

. Nue - Yorimasa and the Nue monster (鵺, 鵼, 恠鳥, or 奴延鳥) .

. Ogura Hyakunin Isshu 小倉百人一首 Poetry Collection of 100 Poets .

. onmyoodoo 陰陽道 Onmyo-Do, The Way of Yin and Yang .
Abe no Seimei 安倍晴明 (921 – 1005)

. Onsen - Eight famous old Hot Springs 八古湯 and their legends .
- and other hot springs dating back to the Heian period

Ookagami, Ōkagami 大鏡 Okagami, The Great Mirror - historical tale
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

. plum blossoms 梅花 loved in the Heian period.

. red and white 紅白 kohaku (koohaku) .
and the Battle of Dan-no-Ura 壇ノ浦の合戦

Romance - Forced Affection - Rape as the First Act of Romance in Heian Japan
- source : Stuart Iles -

Ryoounshuu, Ryōunshū 凌雲集 Ryounshu - kanshi poetry anthology
- source : wikipedia -

. samurai　侍 Samurai - servant .
In the early Heian period the word samurai meant servant and it had no military connotation and did not refer to a person of elite status.
. 4 The beginnings of the warrior (bushi) class - Heian History .
- - - - - . Rise of the military class .

. Sarutahiko densetsu 猿田彦伝説 Sarutahiko Legends .

. seko, haishi 背子 light robe or lover-friend .

Senzai Wakashū 千載和歌集 "Collection of a Thousand Years"
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

sesshoo, sesshō 摂政 regent
a title given to a regent who was named to assist either a child emperor before his coming of age, or an empress.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

Shika Wakashū 詞花和歌集 "Collection of Verbal Flowers"
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

Shinsen Shōjiroku 新撰姓氏録 "New Selection and Record of Hereditary Titles and Family Names")
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

shooen, shōen 荘園 or 庄園 shoen system
. 2 The development of the shoen system - Heian History .
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

sonsho darani, Sonshō darani - Holy and Virtuous Spell
Crown of the Victor Dharani / Bucho Sonsho Darani
darani 陀羅尼 spell against the monsters and demons that haunted the capital in the Heian period.

. soohei, sōhei 僧兵 Sohei, monk-warrior, monk-soldier .

. Sumitomo's Rebellion - Heian History .
Fujiwara no Sumitomo 藤原純友 (? - 941)
. . . . . provincial official and pirate, most famous for his efforts to establish a sort of pirate kingdom for himself in the Inland Sea region between 936 and 941.

. Suzakumon 朱雀門 Suzakumon (Shujakumon) Gate .

. Symbols and Art Motives .

. Taika Reform 大化の改新 Taika no Kaishin - 645 .
Emperor Kōtoku 孝徳天皇 Kotoku Tenno

. Takenouchi Monjo 竹内文書 Takenouchi Documents .
- Takenouchi no Sukune 武内宿禰 / 竹内宿禰 / 建内宿禰 - legendary statesman and Kami
Takeshiuchi no Sukune - Takeshi-Uchi // Takenouchi Skune, Takeuchi Sukune

. Taketori Monogatari 竹取物語 Tale of the Bamboo Cutter (Kaguyahime かぐや姫) .

. temari 鞠（まり）- 手毬（てまり）hand ball, rag ball .

. “Time in Medieval Japan” - symposium 2018 .

. tomoe 巴（ともえ）Tomoe pattern .
This pattern first appeared in the Heian period . . .

. Tosa Nikki 土佐日記 Tosa Diary .
-. . . . . Ki no Tsurayuki 紀貫之 (872-945)

. Tsunami 津波 History since 684 .

. Waka poetry and Buddhism 　和歌と仏教 .

. Yamashiro 山城 .
“Yamashiro” was formerly written with the characters meaning “mountain” (山) and “area” (代); in the 7th century, there were things built listing the name of the province with the characters for “mountain” and “ridge”/“back” (山背国). On 4 December 794 (8 Shimotsuki, 13th year of Enryaku), at the time of the christening of Heian-kyō, because of the resultant scenic beauty when Emperor Kammu made his castle utilizing the natural surroundings, the shiro was finally changed to “castle” (山城国).

. yami - Heian no Yami 平安の闇 The Dark Side of the Heian Period .

. yookai, yōkai 妖怪 Yokai monsters, ghosts, spooks .

. Yuge no Miya 弓削の宮 / 弓削宮 - Osaka .
and - Yugi no Miya 由義宮 and the temple 弓削寺 Yugedera

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. Newsletter - Latest Additions .

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- - - - - Nara　奈良 - - - - -

The Nara Period 奈良時代 Nara Jidai from 710 - 794

. ABC List of Contents - Nara Period 奈良時代 .

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2019-04-02

kuma bear legends

Nametoko yama no kuma なめとこ山の熊 The bears of Nametoko Mountain
宮沢賢治 Miyazawa Kenji

. matagi 又鬼 - マタギと伝説 Legends about bear hunters .

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- - - - - ABC List of the prefectures :

......................................................................................... Akita 秋田県
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荒瀬村 Arasemura village

. A bear present from Yamanokami 山の神 God of the Mountain .

......................................................................................... Toyama 富山県

. Tengu 天狗 and hunting for bears .

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- reference : nichibun yokai database 妖怪データベース -
988 to collect - not all are about the animal
160 クマ　
- 熊本県 - 熊野, 熊野郡 - 旧熊村
- 田中熊雄 - 熊谷宣昭
- 熊野野竹の葬送習俗

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. animals and their legends 動物と伝説 - - ABC list .

. plants and their legends 　植物と伝説 - - ABC list .

. trees and their legends 　樹木, 木と伝説 - - ABC list .

. Persons, People, Personen and their legends - - ABC list .

. Legends about Kobo Daishi Kukai - 弘法大師　空海 - 伝説 .

. Japanese legends and tales 伝説　民話　昔話 - Introduction .

- Yookai 妖怪 Yokai Monsters of Japan -
- Introduction -

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. Join the friends on Facebook ! .

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- - - - - #kuma #bear #kumabear -
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2019-03-24

bozu priest monk legends

- BACK to the Daruma Museum -
. Japanese legends and tales 伝説民話昔話 - Introduction .
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boozu, 坊主と伝説 Legends about priests

. boozu　坊主 priest, お坊さん　O-Bo-San .
oshoo 和尚　priest
nyuudoo 入道　Nyudo priest
shoonin, shônin 上人 saint, head priest of a temple
daitoko 大徳（だいとこ）daitoku だいとく priest of high standard
soojoo. sôjô 僧正 high-ranking priest, "archbishop"
meisoo 名僧 famous priest / monk
koosoo 高僧 high-ranking priest
- Introduction -

Enami Nobukuni 江南信國 (1859 – 1929)

. aoboozu 青坊主 Ao-Bozu "Blue Priest" Yokai monster .

. soroban boozu 十呂盤坊主 "the Abacus Priest" .

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- - - - - ABC List of the prefectures :

......................................................................................... Hyogo 兵庫県
.......................................................................
出石郡 Izushi district 高橋村 Takahashi mura village

. kitsune 狐 fox and tanuki 狸 badger turning Bozu .

..............................................................................................................................................

- reference : nichibun yokai database 妖怪データベース -
坊主 more than 300 to explore

Photo by Tamamura Kōzaburō (1856 - 1923)

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. animals and their legends 動物と伝説 - - ABC list .

. plants and their legends 　植物と伝説 - - ABC list .

. trees and their legends 　樹木, 木と伝説 - - ABC list .

. Persons, People, Personen and their legends - - ABC list .

. Legends about Kobo Daishi Kukai - 弘法大師　空海 - 伝説 .

. Japanese legends and tales 伝説　民話　昔話 - Introduction .

- Yookai 妖怪 Yokai Monsters of Japan -
- Introduction -

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- - - - - #boozu #bozu #priest #monk -
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2019-03-22

Kozo young acolyte legends

CLICK for more photos !

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- - - - - ABC List of the prefectures :

......................................................................................... Aichi 愛知県

noshi のし　/ warabi 蕨 bracken

source : 門前の小僧
Once a woman was cutting weeds at the river pool were they often pick bracken
She saw 小僧 a young temple acolyte with a sedge hat coming from the river.
This must be the spirit of the bracken, she thought and swung the hatched in a circle. The young acolyte jumped in astonishment, turned into a pebble and fell back into the river.

. warabi わらび(蕨) bracken, fern .

......................................................................................... Nagano 長野県

. Hitotsume Kozoo 一ツ目小僧 (一つ目小僧) Hitotsume Kozo - Young Monk with One Eye .

......................................................................................... Shizuoka　静岡県

namikozoo 波小僧 Namikozo, Nami Kozo, Monk of the Waves
If a fisherman helps the Umibozu or Namikozo, he will be able to predict the weather according to the sound of the waves.

Namikozo Statue at Maisaka

..............................................................................................................................................

- reference : nichibun yokai database 妖怪データベース -
307 to collect

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. animals and their legends 動物と伝説 - - ABC list .

. plants and their legends 　植物と伝説 - - ABC list .

. trees and their legends 　樹木, 木と伝説 - - ABC list .

. Persons, People, Personen and their legends - - ABC list .

. Legends about Kobo Daishi Kukai - 弘法大師　空海 - 伝説 .

. Japanese legends and tales 伝説　民話　昔話 - Introduction .

- Yookai 妖怪 Yokai Monsters of Japan -
- Introduction -

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2019-03-20

sugegasa sedge hat legends

. sedge hat, sugegasa　菅笠 .
bamboo hat, ajirogasa 網代笠 / straw hat, warabooshi 藁帽子
- kigo for summer -

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- - - - - ABC List of the prefectures :

......................................................................................... Aichi 愛知県

noshi のし　/ warabi 蕨 bracken

source : 門前の小僧
Once a woman was cutting weeds at the river pool were they often pick bracken
She saw 小僧 a young temple acolyte with a sedge hat coming from the river.
This must be the spirit of the bracken, she thought and swung the hatched in a circle. The young acolyte jumped in astonishment, turned into a pebble and fell back into the river.

. warabi わらび(蕨) bracken, fern .

......................................................................................... Ehime 愛媛県
今治市 Imabari city 大西町 Onishi cho town

kinugasa no Benten sama 衣笠の弁天様 Benten with a special hat
The lord of the castle from 重茂山 Omoesan, 岡部十郎 Okabe Juro, had a daughter who was quite intelligent and beautiful. After the castle was lost in war, she survived and tried to re-gain her former estate. But as she fled, her pursuers recognized her by the damaged sedge hat, so she sat down and killed herself.
The villagers later built a small Shrine in her honor and venerated her as Benten Sama with a special hat for women.
If someone comes to this Shrine and makes a vow never to wear a sedge hat, he will find divine protection.

. Benten 弁天と伝説 Legends about Benten .

source : 市女笠の旅姿 / hiro さんの作品

......................................................................................... Fukuoka 福岡県
宗像郡 Munakata district 福間町 Fukuma machi town

kane no sei 金の精 the spirit of wealth
Once a man prayed to his ujigami 氏神 family deity to make him rich, even if he must give his daughter as a sacrifice.
On that night, his daughter died. On the evening of the seventh day after her death, the spirit of wealth appeared and showed him the way to a treasure. But there was a strong storm and wind that night and by the time he reached the spot, the treasure had gone.
A sedge hat with the inscription 牟田尻の善助 Mutajiri no Zensuke had fallen down on the spot.
The man kept this hat as a treasure and soon became rich after all.

. ujigami 氏神 the Clan deity, family deity .

......................................................................................... Hyogo 兵庫県
出石郡 Izushi district 高橋村 Takahashi mura village

kitsune 狐 fox and tanuki 狸 badger
Once upon a time, a short man named 覚太郎 was walking over 赤花峠 the Akabana pass , when a sedge hat came rolling down. He wanted to catch it but it moved on and he followed it.
Later someone saw two beautiful girls coming down the pass, but when he came closer they turned into boozu 坊主 priests.
This must have been the prank of a fox or Tanuki, he thought.

. boozu 坊主と伝説 Legends about priests .

......................................................................................... Niigata 新潟県

kasa Jizoo 笠地蔵 Sedge Hats for Jizo Bosatsu
冬の夜、山奥でお婆さんと二人で暮らしていたお爺さんが、菅笠を売りに町へ行ったおり、雪をかぶっていたお地蔵さんに笠をかぶせたところ、そのお地蔵さんが恩返しに餅をついてくれた。
also known as Hibō Jizō 被帽地蔵 Hibo Jizo

- quote -
A long time ago, there lived an old man and a woman who were poor but kind.

It happened on one year-end day.
The old man and woman were making hats made from straw.
They were going to sell the hats in the town and buy rice cakes for New Year.

“There are five hats to sell. I guess I can buy rice cakes at least.”
“I hope so. And please be careful because it will be snowy tonight.”

The old man left home with his five hats.
Soon after he left, it began snowing.
Because the snow became worse, he hurried his way to the town.

When he arrived on the edge of his village, he found six Jizo standing in a row.
Snow piled up on their heads and shoulders.
The old man couldn’t pass by the Jizos as they were.

“Oh, poor Jizos. You must be freezing under the snow. Put these hats on your head.”

The old man put his hats on Jizos, which he was going to sell in the town.
But he only had five hats while there were six Jizos.
Then the old man took his hat off and put it on the sixth Jizo.

On returning home, the old woman were surprised and said,
“You came home so early. What happened with your hat?”
The old man told her about six Jizos.
“Oh you did such a nice thing. It doesn’t matter if we have rice cakes for New Year or not.”
She said so smiling.

At that night, they heard a song in the middle of the night.
♪Where is the old man’s house?
♪We are here to give you a present in return.
♪Where is the old man’s house?
♪We are here to give you a present in return.

The voice of the song came closer and closer. And finally when it arrived in front of the old man’s house,
They heard a sound of leaving something and the voice disappeared after all.
The old man opened the door quietly. Then he saw the back view of Jizos with his hats on.
And he found tons of rice cakes for New Year and delicious foods in front of the house.

The end
- source : hukumusume.com/douwa/English... -

......................................................................................... Shiga 滋賀県
高島市 Takashima city

kitsune 狐 fox
About 30 years ago, two women went to the forest to collect sweet chestnuts. on the way one woman suddenly called
"You are a fox, a fox!" and begun to slash the woman with her knife. She would not stop and the sedge hat of the woman was all in tatters, even her face had great wounds.

......................................................................................... Shimane 島根県

. Sedge hat and Yamanokami .

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- reference : nichibun yokai database 妖怪データベース -

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. animals and their legends 動物と伝説 - - ABC list .

. plants and their legends 　植物と伝説 - - ABC list .

. trees and their legends 　樹木, 木と伝説 - - ABC list .

. Persons, People, Personen and their legends - - ABC list .

. Legends about Kobo Daishi Kukai - 弘法大師　空海 - 伝説 .

. Japanese legends and tales 伝説　民話　昔話 - Introduction .

- Yookai 妖怪 Yokai Monsters of Japan -
- Introduction -

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2019-03-18

saotome rice planting legends

source : webun.jp/item...

. rice-planting woman, saotome 早乙女 / さおとめ .
- kigo for mid-summer -
sootome そうとめ、ueme 植女（うえめ）
satsuki me 五月女 "woman of May"
ie sotome 家早乙女（いえそうとめ） / uchi sotome 内早乙女（うちそうとめ）
saotome yado 早乙女宿 home with rice-planting women

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- - - - - ABC List of the prefectures :

......................................................................................... Ehime 愛媛県
.......................................................................
上浮穴郡 Kami-Ukena district

. Tengu legends from Ehime .

Once a saotome 早乙女 rice-planting maiden was singing a song, bending toward the direction of 久保田の天狗嶽 Mount Tengudake at Kubota.
The Tengu came close and wanted to imitate the song, but could not sing as beautiful as the maiden.
The Tengu got angry and since then during the rice-planting season it always rains.

.......................................................................
松山市 Matsuyama city

ninjutsu tsukai 忍術使い using Ninja tricks
At 氷室 Himuro was a person who could use Ninja tricks.
He once passed along a field where women were planting rice. He said
saotome o odorasete miyoo 早乙女を躍らせてみよう "Let us make the Saotome women dance!"
He threw some tree leaves on the ground and the women bagun to dance.

......................................................................................... Shimane 島根県

Tentoo sama no bachi 天道様の罰 the punishment of the Sun
The 湖山長者 rich man from Koyama always employed many Saotome to have his fields planted in just one day.
In one year during the time of rice planting, a mother monkey came along with his baby head-down on her back. The Saotome women looked at her for a long time and could not finish all the fields on this day.
So the rich man took his hand fan and pointed it toward the sun, blowing it away for just one hour longer to finish the rice planting.
His fields were planted, but as a punishment the Sun now sent water to flood it all in one day and make a lake out of it.

.......................................................................
邑智郡 Oochi district

. Saotome and Yama no Kami 山の神 God of the Mountain .
- and 大石家 the Oishi family

......................................................................................... Tokushima 徳島県
海部郡 Ama district 宍喰町 Shishikui town

On the Seasonal Festival in the fifth lunar month the Saotome are allowed to throw mud at the young men of the village.
If they do not do this, something bad will happen.

. tango no sekku 端午の節句 fifth day of the fifth lunar month

......................................................................................... Toyama 富山県

. daija, orochi 大蛇 the huge serpent, great snake - legends .
One year during the rice-planting season, a huge serpent had swallowed all the Saotome girls, but the kushi櫛 comb of one girl got stuck in her throat and she died.
In memory of this event the villagers built the shrine 櫛田神社 Kushida Jinja.

......................................................................................... Yamagata 山形県
米沢市 Yonezawa city 遠山 Toyama

monogusa taroo 物ぐさ太郎 "Do-Nothing-Taro" and his kitsune nyooboo 狐女房 fox wive
The wife of Monogusa Taro had died and he had to care for the fields alone. Among the Saotome he had hired there was one who worked very hard, like four or five persons at once.
He took her as his wife and soon they had a son. When the boy was three years old, the woman suddenly turned into a fox and left the home.
Now Monogusa Taro had to take care of the child while dilligently doing his farm work. He soon became rich and prosperous.
The Fox-Child lived to the ripe age of 80 years and his descendants all became rich farmers.

- reference : Monogusa Taro. From Rags to Riches and Beyond -

......................................................................................... Yamanahsi 山梨県
南部留郡 Minami-Tsuru district

matamegane 股めがね peeking through the legs
The fields for planting in one day had been decided for each Saotome.
In the evening one girl had almost finished and bend her head down to peek through her legs 　- to see that a big part was still unfinished.
She was quite surprized that soooo much was still not done that she fell down and died on the spot.
Since then, this field is called Saotomeda 早乙女田 field of the rice-planting maiden.

..............................................................................................................................................

- reference : nichibun yokai database 妖怪データベース -

- - - writers named
早乙女善四郎
早乙女芳正
- - - books named
早乙女銭其他 - by 小林文夫
田の神と早乙女田 - by 大森義憲

source : blogs.yahoo.co.jp/yoshimizushrine...

::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

. animals and their legends 動物と伝説 - - ABC list .

. plants and their legends 　植物と伝説 - - ABC list .

. trees and their legends 　樹木, 木と伝説 - - ABC list .

. Persons, People, Personen and their legends - - ABC list .

. Legends about Kobo Daishi Kukai - 弘法大師　空海 - 伝説 .

. Japanese legends and tales 伝説　民話　昔話 - Introduction .

- Yookai 妖怪 Yokai Monsters of Japan -
- Introduction -

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2019-03-14

tansu chest of drawers legends

Tansu: Traditional Japanese Cabinetry
Ty Heineken, Kiyoko Heineken - 2004

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- - - - - ABC List of the prefectures :

......................................................................................... 福島県 Fukushima

Amanojaku アマノジャク
地蔵様は、嫁に来手の無い小男の庄太のことを心配し、良縁をまとめてやった。嫁入りの夜、地蔵は輩下の貉を挑発し、川に橋をかけて箪笥と長持ちを渡そうとしたが、アマノジャクのせいで橋は完成しなかった。

......................................................................................... 岩手県 Iwate

.......................................................................
Iwate 大東村 Daito

kitsune 狐 the Fox
役場勤めの人が出勤途中に狐に化かされて、風呂のつもりで水田で裸にされたので、今度は狐を化かそうと思って狐にお金を貸してくれるように丁寧に頼み込んだ。３日後に来いと言うので行くと、本物のお金を渡されてその役人は得をした。近所の金持ちの家の箪笥からお金がなくなり、代わりに朴の木の葉が入っていた。

.................................
Iwate 三陸町 Sanriku

1885年のことと伝えられる。高田市矢の浦に嵐で舟が漂着した。そこに川から女が箪笥にすがって流れてきて、助けを求めた。しかし舟に乗っていた12人の男は箪笥だけを取り上げ、女を見殺しにした。そのタタリがあって、11人まで離村・放浪するはめになった。村に残った男も妻が不治の病にかかって神経衰弱になり、夫婦で海に身を投げた。親戚が葬式を出してイタコに聞くと、箪笥と女の件を語り、家にオカイドリ（うちかけ）があるはずだといった。はたしてオカイドリがあったので、親戚の者はそれを寺に納めた。12人の男の家はすべて絶えた。

......................................................................................... 香川県 Kagawa
.......................................................................
詫間町 Takuma

tennin nyoobo 天人女房 Heavenly wife
あるところに男とその息子がいた。ある日父親が海に行ったところ、木に羽衣が掛かっていたので盗んで帰って箪笥の奥にしまった。息子がそれを見ていた。羽衣をなくした天人を男は家に連れてきて女房にしてしまった。女房が天に帰りたいと泣いているのを息子が見て、羽衣の在りかを教えてしまったので、女房は羽衣をまとって天に帰ってしまった。

......................................................................................... 鹿児島県 Kagoshima
.......................................................................
名瀬市 Naze

kenmon ケンモン
箪笥材にするため大ガジマルを欲しいと言ってきた沖縄の人がいたが、所有権のゆずり合いになったおかげで結局あきらめた。このガジマルにまつわるケンモン話がいくつか発生ししばしば取沙汰された。

......................................................................................... 宮城県 Miyagi

.......................................................................
仙台市 Sendai

The curse of a dead man
昔，仙台本柳町の某という束巻師の一家には三人の娘がいたが，上の二人が同じような死に方をした。通夜の夜更けに呻き声が聞こえるので覗くと，娘の死顔が赤黒い鬼のようになって睨んでいる。その変化は，「我はこの家の7代前の先祖に殺された山伏の霊である。公金を携えて上方に旅した時先祖の男と道連れになったが，男は山中で私を殺して大金を奪った。先祖の男はその大金を元手に分限者となったが一片の供養の心もない。無念であったが，代々運勢が盛んで祟る事もできなかった。しかしようやく恨みを晴らすべき時がきた。偽りと思うなら箪笥の奥に自分の刺した刀がある」と申し述べた上，残った娘の命を助けたければ昔自分が望んでいた位官相応の葬列を出せと言う。夫婦が承諾すると面相は元に戻った。さて夫婦は一旦承諾したものの仰々しい葬礼を出すことができない。すると，また山伏の霊が末娘に憑いて現れ，こんな粗略な仕方では駄目だと言う。夫婦は今度こそ約束通りの葬儀を行ったが，結局末娘は数日後に憔悴して死んだ。使用人や婿養子も気味悪がって去り，家の中は荒れ果てて夫婦は行方が知れなくなった。なお只野真葛の附言として，家の下婢の実家でこの話を聞き，当時死霊に憑かれた娘の泣き狂う声が近所にまで聞こえたというので書き留めた旨を記す。

......................................................................................... 長野県 Nagano
.......................................................................
松川町 Matsukawa

kuda クダ the monster Kuda
よその村から箪笥を買ってきたら、中にクダが入っていたので、飼っている人がいる。クダを飼うと金が鼠算式に増えていくという。クダは飯櫃を叩くと寄ってくる。

......................................................................................... 新潟県 Niigata
.......................................................................
亀田町 Kameda town

ten 貂 marten, Marder, Zobel
急病人が出たが、迎えにいけなかった。翌朝になると、薬箪笥が置かれていて医者もやってきた。一命は取りとめた。若者が来て薬箪笥を届に来たと言う。狢であろう。

...................................
松代町 Matsushiro town

inosuke イノスケ Inosuke
濁集落の老夫婦にイノスケという子どもがいた。10歳くらいのとき、父親が田から帰って足を洗っていて、煙草入れを忘れてきたことに気づきイノスケに取りにいくよう頼んだら、足を洗い終えると同時に帰ってきた。他にもイノスケが箪笥の錠の前で拍手を３つ打つと錠がピーンと開くのだった。親戚の会議でこんな不思議な子を生かしておくわけには行かないとなり、父親が山に連れ出すとイノスケは全て悟っていて、おとなしく鎌で殺された。父親も気が動転したのか、まもなく死んだという。

......................................................................................... 大分県 Oita

inugami 犬神
犬神は九州でも特に大分県に多く，インガミ・インガメと呼ばれる。姿は憑かれている人以外に見えない。鼠より大きく毛はぶちである。モグラの一種で尻尾の先端が分かれている。目が見えず一列になって行動する。納戸の箪笥の中や床の下，家の奥のハンド（水甕）の中に飼われている。

......................................................................................... 沖縄県 Okinawa
.......................................................................
竹富町 Taketomi

All kinds of animals and 転生 tensei

薪取りに行った婆が薪を持ち上げられずに泣いていると、按司がやってきて仕事を手伝い、妹娘を嫁にもらい、幸せに暮した。姉は嫉みから妹を井戸に突き落として妹になりすました。按司が捕えた小鳥は殺されるが、骨を埋めたところから松が生えた。姉がその機で機を織ると綺麗に織れないので燃やした。隣の婆が機の火を持ち帰ると黄金になった。箪笥に入れると綺麗な娘が機を織っていた。ある日、姉の正体が按司に露見し、姉は軒下に隠れて雨だれ虫になった。妹は再び按司と結婚し、幸せに暮らした。

......................................................................................... 大阪府 Osaka

nekobake 猫化け
ある日、十余年主に可愛がられた飼い猫が、頭に手拭いを被って後足で立ち、音頭を取って踊る自らの姿を塗箪笥に映して眺めていた。それを目撃した主は、気味が悪くなって猫を遠くに捨てた。

......................................................................................... 島根県 Shimane

kori 狐狸 fox and tanuki
15、6年前の夏頃、宇龍浦の漁夫の家で突然柱が燃え出したり、箪笥の衣類から煙が出たりすることが昼夜の別なく数日間起こった。家人はもとより村民一同恐怖し、孤裡のしわざかと調べ、番をしたが異状は無かった。しかし怪火は止まなかった。

......................................................................................... 静岡県 Shizuoka
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下田市 Shimoda

kudagitsune クダ狐 / 管狐 "Pipe-Fox" helper
This Pipe Fox takes the riches out of other homes Tansu and brings it to his Master's home.
He jumps like a small cat out of money boxes and rice boxes.

mochi 餅 cursed rice cakes
下田市立野では正月三が日には餅を食べない。この禁を破ると火に祟る、箪笥から火が出る、という。昔先祖が正月の餅をノンバメテ（のどにつめて）死んだから、という。

......................................................................................... 東京都 Tokyo
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台東区 Taito ward

. okame おかめ / 面 a laughing face mask o O-Kame san .

......................................................................................... 和歌山県 Wakayama
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田辺市 Tanabe

shirohebi 白蛇 the white serpent
庄司家の娘が嫁入りしたとき、持っていった箪笥の中に白蛇が入って、嫁入り先であるます屋に行った。ます屋は大きく栄えたという。

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- source : nichibun yokai database -

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. animals and their legends 動物と伝説 - - ABC list .

. plants and their legends 　植物と伝説 - - ABC list .

. trees and their legends 　樹木, 木と伝説 - - ABC list .

. Persons, People, Personen and their legends - - ABC list .

. Legends about Kobo Daishi Kukai - 弘法大師　空海 - 伝説 .

. Japanese legends and tales 伝説　民話　昔話 - Introduction .

- Yookai 妖怪 Yokai Monsters of Japan -
- Introduction -

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