. Japanese legends and tales 伝説 民話 昔話 - Introduction .
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hashika, mashin 麻疹と伝説 Legends about measles, rubeola
and other epidemics
. hashika 麻疹 measles in Edo .
goyaku sanbyoo 御役三病 The three most feared diseases in Edo were
hashika 麻疹 measles
suitoo 水痘 / 水套 chicken pox
tennentoo 天然痘 / toosoo 痘瘡 smallpox, variola
. mashin 麻疹 (ましん) measles. Masern .
- kigo for Spring -
jinmashin 蕁麻疹 rush, nettle rush, hives
はしか絵・はしか童子退治図 paintings to prevent measels
. . . CLICK here for Photos !
. 疫病神 / 厄病神 Yakubyogami, Deity of Diseases .
eyami no kami えやみのかみ / gyooyakujin 行疫神 gyoyakujin / ekijin, yakujin 疫神, Ekibyo 疫病
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. 疱瘡神 Hosogami, God of Smallpox .
. hoosoo 疱瘡と伝説 Hoso - Legends about Smallpox .
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Rakuda no zu - Utagawa Kuniyasu
rakuda 駱駝 / ラクダ camel, Kamel
a pun with
raku da 楽だ things are easy !
Hanging a picture of a camel near a place where the children can see it easily will help them get over an infection with
hoso 疱瘡 smallpox or 麻疹 measles without any problems.
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. Raijū 雷獣 Raiju the Thunder Beast Yokai .
does not like camels. To prevent lightning to strike a home, people hung paintings of a camel on the wall or at the entrance of their home.
. Rakuda Camels in Tottori, Japan .
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- - - - - ABC List of the prefectures :
......................................................................................... Gunma 群馬県
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勢多郡 Seta district
If someone got the 麻疹 measles, he had to walk under a bridge of a river which flows Northward. This would heal him.
......................................................................................... Hiroshima 広島県
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廿日市市 Hatsukaichi city 宮島町 Miyajima town
. saru 猿と伝説 Legends about monkeys - Affen .
Once upon a time, there lived many monkeys on Miyajima, causing trouble to the villagers. They also angered the 神鹿 sacred deer and people wanted to get rid of them.
They caught them, cut their fur and brought them to an island further away, 小黒神島 Okurokamishima.
But the monkeys soon came back and people where frustrated. Then came an epidemic of 麻疹 the measles and all the monkeys died.
......................................................................................... Kanagawa 神奈川県
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横浜市 Yokohama 金沢区 Kanazawa district
Fukutaro 福太郎 "Taro to bring good luck"
In the fishing village of Kanazawa there lived 重右衛門 Juemon. His family has a box where the deity to prevent suinan 水難 disasters at sea and 疱瘡 smallpox.
Around 1800 his younger sister had a dream. She saw a child telling her "I have been venerated in your home for a long time, but since not all know me well, please built a Shrine for me. Thus I can go on as Deity to prevend disasters at sea and getting smallpox.
When Juemon heard this, he opened the box and saw something strange in it.
The face was that of a monkey, the hand and feet were webbed like a water animal and the top of the head had an impression.
This was Fukutaro "Taro to bring good luck".
......................................................................................... Kyoto 京都府
天田郡 Amata district 三和町 Miwa town
. kaze no kami 風邪の神 Deity of the common cold .
風邪の神 Kaze no Kami is also seen as 庚申さん Koshin san.
When a child is healed from hashika はしか the measles, people pack some nigiri おにぎり rice ball offerings in straw and bring them to his shrine.
......................................................................................... Shiga 滋賀県
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伊香郡 Ika district 西浅井町 Nishi-Azai town
To heal a child with 麻疹 the measles people put sandawara サンダワラ / 桟俵 a small round straw cushion on its head and say:
"This is not very hot water, but it is boiling water". This will make the fever go away.
......................................................................................... Shizuoka 静岡県
If one enters ラントーバ（墓地）a graveyard without permission, one will be cursed with shikamo ツカモ（蕁麻疹 a rush), itching all over the body.
One has to burn senko 線香 an incense stick, pray and apologize to get relief.
......................................................................................... Tokushima 徳島県
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三好郡 Miyoshi district 井川町 Ikawa town
horose ホロセ local word for Jinmashin.
There was a small stone Buddha statue in the neighborhood and whenever someone cut the weeds around it, he got the jinmashin 蕁麻疹 rush.
Only grandfather never got it. When he was young, his mother had taken him to the stone Buddha and prayed for his safety.
......................................................................................... Tottori 鳥取県
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八頭郡 Yazu district 若桜町 Wakasa town
切分兵衛神 Kiriwake Hyoe no Kami，檻葉天大明神 Kashi no Ha Ten Daimyojin
キリワケノヒョウエノカミ，カシノハテンダイミョウジン
Once lupon a time, Kiriwake Hyoe no Kami saw a small female deity float down the river on the leave of kashi 樫 an oak tree.
This deity was venerated at the shrine 吉川神社 Yoshikwas Jinja as 麻疹の神 the Deity to prevent Measles.
Sticking 樫の葉 a leaf of the kashi Oak tree from the Yoshikawa shrine on the entrance of the home prevents the infection with measles.
If by any bad luck someone in the family gets the measles, they place the leaf on the face to heal.
. kashi 樫 Quercus oak tree .
......................................................................................... Toyama 富山県
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富山市 Toyama city 柳町 Yanagi town
ekibyoo yoke 疫病除け avoiding an epidemic
To prevend getting kaze 風邪 a cold, sekiri 赤痢 dysentery or mashin 麻疹 measles, people take the imprint of their hand and hang it at the entrance.
This will prevent bad influence to come into the home.
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- reference : nichibun yokai database 妖怪データベース -
130 疫病 ekibyo to collect
hashika-e 麻疹絵「はしか童子退治図」driving away the Hashika Doji
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quote
Vanquishing the Measles（Hashikataiji）
and many are still in existence today.
Hashika-e featured various types of illustrations together with textual information on topics
such as the things measles patients should avoid, medicines,
and charms to alleviate symptoms.
This picture shows an anthropomorphized measles deity
being vanquished by people of various occupations affected by the disease.
Measles outbreaks occurred during the Edo period at intervals of between 10 and 30 years.
The most serious was the nationwide epidemic of 1862.
Colored woodblock prints known as hashika-e or "measles pictures" were printed in Edo,
and many are still in existence today.
Hashika-e featured various types of illustrations together with textual information on topics
such as the things measles patients should avoid, medicines, and charms to alleviate symptoms.
The medicine bag that is covering the measles deity represents the doctors and pharmacists
that would have profited from the outbreak.
Above the illustration is a list of foods and habits to be avoided,
including alcohol, bathing, moxibustion, and buckwheat,
together with recommended foods such as carrot, daikon radish, and sugar.
These kinds of measles-related knowledge was popularized through hashika-e and curative texts.
While places such as public baths and barbers went out of business,
doctors and pharmacists experienced a boom,
the prices of foods thought to be effective against the measles rose sharply.
As a result the economy was thrown into disarray.
.Source - Tokyo Metropolitan Libraray .
Hashika-e (Talisman to Prevent Smallpox) by Yoshikatsu
. . . CLICK here for Photos !
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. Kaido highway legends 街道と伝説 - - ABC list .
. animals and their legends 動物と伝説 - - ABC list .
. plants and their legends 植物と伝説 - - ABC list .
. trees and their legends 樹木, 木と伝説 - - ABC list .
. Persons, People, Personen and their legends - - ABC list .
. Legends about Kobo Daishi Kukai - 弘法大師 空海 - 伝説 .
. Japanese legends and tales 伝説 民話 昔話 - Introduction .
- Yookai 妖怪 Yokai Monsters of Japan -
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