Heian Period Japan

2020-02-02

densenbyo pandemic legends

The whole world is under the influence of this pandemic.
. hayariyamai はやり病 / Ryukobyo 流行病と伝説 Legends about epidemics .

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- - - - - ABC List of the prefectures :

......................................................................................... Aichi 愛知県
幡豆郡 Hazu district 幡豆町 Hazu town

taiboku 大木 a huge tree
In a village on the beach there was densenbyo 伝染病 a pandemic.
Once there was a light on the sea and a huge strange tree came afloat.
The villagers wanted to burn it but could not.
There came Gyoki Bosatsu and carved a statue of Kannon out of it.
The villagers prayed to Kannon and the pandemic ended.
. 行基菩薩 Gyoki Bosatsu (668 - 749) Gyōki, Gyōgi .

......................................................................................... Akita 秋田県
.......................................................................
大仙市 Daisen city 堀見内 Horiminai

. shishimai 獅子舞と伝説 Legends about the lion dance .
san shishimai 三匹獅子舞 a lion dance with three dancers prevents pandemics.

......................................................................................... Aomori 青森県
下北郡 Shimokita district 東通村 Higashidori village

. juzu 数珠, nenju 念珠 rosary legends - Rosenkranz .
During the Spring and Autumn equinox and when densenbyo 伝染病 a pandemic is in the village, people gather in the temple and pass a huge rosary around hyakumanben 百万べん / 百万遍 a million times.

If there is a person among them who will die soon, he becomes all stiff when he grabs the large bead.

......................................................................................... Ehime 愛媛県
松山市 Matsuyama city 中野町 Nakano town

. The Buddhist nun 妙円尼 Myoen-Ni .

......................................................................................... Fukushima 福島県
南会津町 Minami-Aizu town

Once a man opened the door before breakfast and saw shirohige no ojisan 白ひげのおじいさん an old man with a white beard.
The man became ill, because he had seen Yakubyogami.
. Yakubyogami 疫病神 / 厄病神 Deity of Diseases .
eyami no kami えやみのかみ gyooyakujin 行疫神 gyoyakujin
ekijin, yakujin 疫神 / byoshin 病神 / yakushin 厄神 (ヤクシン)

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Fukushima 相馬郡 Soma district 飯館村 Iitate village

oyudachi, o-yu dachi お湯だち hot water ritual
If densenbyo 伝染病 a pandemic is in the village, they call a shaman.　
He boils water id a large pot and throws salt into it. Then he wields his heisoku 幣束 ritual wand and splashes the hot water over the people.　
If someone does not feel the heat of the water, he will not become ill with the pandemic.

......................................................................................... Gunma 群馬県

Yatsukahagi ヤツカハギという大男 / 夜都賀波岐 a large man called Yatsukahagi
A huge man named Yatsukahagi lived in a cave in the mountain forest.
In Autumn he came down to the village and got some rice.
When the villagers followed him one day, he did not show up the next day.
But from the next year on, there were densenbyo 伝染病 pandemics in the village.
The villagers begun to venerate him as ヤツカハギ様 Yatsukahagi Sama.

......................................................................................... Hyogo 兵庫県
城崎郡 Kinosaki district 香住町 Kasumi town

ame kai 飴買い buying sweets
A beautiful young wife was pregnant, but she died of densenbyo 伝染病 a pandemic.
About one week later, a woman on a fire chariot came every night to the sweets shop to buy sweets.
The money in the box for offerings at the temple was always empty.
When they dug up the gave, they found the woman holding a healthy baby boy in her arms.
- - Similar stories are told in other parts of Japan.
. ame 飴 sweets, dagashi 駄菓子 cheap sweets .

......................................................................................... Kagoshima 鹿児島県
大島郡 Oshima district 瀬戸内町 Setouchi town

. shimenawa 注連縄伝説 / シメナワ　sacred rope - legends .
a mamono 魔物 monster flees while they shout "エンサエンサ ensa ensa".

......................................................................................... Kochi 高知県
幡多郡 Hata district 大月町 Otsuki town

Shrine 高平神社 Takahira Jinja

At the Takahira Shrine there was a fox who suddenly could not move, standing near the tabu no ki タブの木 a Japanese bay tree.
The children killed the fox.
Soon after this, densenbyo 伝染病 a pandemic came to the village.
Now people come to the Shrine to pray for a cure.
. Inari 稲荷と伝説 Legends about the Fox Deity .

......................................................................................... Miyagi 宮城県

tsuki 月 looking at the moon
On the first day of the year (according to the old lunar calendar)
if the moon looks yellow or blue-green, there will be kikin 飢饉 a famine or typhoon.
If the moon looks red, there will be a fire.
If the moon looks black, there will be water damage.
If the stars around the moon are close, someone will die.
If there is gesshoku 月食 a lunar eclipse, there will be
a typhoon or densenbyoo 伝染病 a pandemic in the the village.

......................................................................................... Nagasaki 長崎県
上県郡 Kamiageta district

. kitsune densetsu 狐と伝説 fox legends .
Once a fox wanted to cross from 対馬 Tsushima island to the mainland.
It shape-shifted into a human and got on a fishing boat.
Since the fox was hungry, he ate the eye of buri ブリ a yellowtail.
On land the fox-human walked around the city and said :
"If you eat an eye of a yellowtail, you will not get ill from densenbyoo 伝染病 a pandemic."
The people heard this and went to the boat to buy all the yellowtails.
This was the gesture of gratitude from the fox.

......................................................................................... Nara 奈良県
吉野郡 Yoshino district 十津川村 Totsukawa village

. ookami 狼 / オオカミ Okami, wolf legends .
Until around 1935, there were quite a few wolves in the area, but then many died of densenbyo 伝染病 a pandemic.
Now there are no more wolves.

......................................................................................... Okayama 岡山県
阿哲郡 Atetsu district 神郷町 Shingo town 高瀬 Takase

. ookami 狼 / オオカミ Okami, wolf legends .
In the hamlet of 梅田 Umeda, if a wolf howls for a very long time, there will soon be
densenbyo 伝染病 a pandemic.

......................................................................................... Tochigi 栃木県
鹿沼市 Kanuma city

If the male and female deity meet during 七夕 the Tanabata festival, there will be
densenbyo 伝染病 a pandemic.
If there is some rain on this day, the river will swell and they can not meet.
In this case, no pandemic will happen.
. Tanabata 七夕 the Star Festival .
Tanabata refers to the double-date of the Asian lunar calendar, the 7th day of the 7th month;
now celebrated July 7 in some places, on August 7

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Tochigi 真岡市 Moka city // 獅子舞 lion dance

. Lion dance 大日堂の獅子舞 at the Dainichi-Do Hall .

......................................................................................... Tottori 鳥取県
八頭郡 Yazu districe 若桜町 Wakasa town

. Kannon Bosatsu 観音菩薩伝説 legends about Kannon .
and a fire in a nearby farmhouse.

......................................................................................... Wakayama 和歌山県
田辺市 Tanabe city

. The healer Amida Nyorai 阿弥陀如来 .

......................................................................................... Yamanashi 山梨県

. Suwa Jinja no Kami 諏訪神社の神 The Deity of Suwa Shrine .

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- reference : nichibun yokai database 妖怪データベース -

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. Kaido highway legends 街道と伝説 - - ABC list .

. animals and their legends 動物と伝説 - - ABC list .

. plants and their legends 　植物と伝説 - - ABC list .

. Persons, People, Personen and their legends - - ABC list .

. Legends about Kobo Daishi Kukai - 弘法大師　空海 - 伝説 .

. Japanese legends and tales 伝説　民話　昔話 - Introduction .

- Yookai 妖怪 Yokai Monsters of Japan -

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. Join the friends on Facebook ! .

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- #densenbyo #epidemic #ryuukoobyoo #pandemic #covid19 #omicron -
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2020-02-01

hayariyamai epidemic legends

The whole world is under the influence of this pandemic.

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. Gion matsuri 祇園祭り Gion festival .
In 869, the people were suffering from plague and pestilence which was attributed to the rampaging deity Gozu Tennō (牛頭天王).

Emperor Seiwa ordered that the people pray to the god of the Yasaka Shrine　八坂神社, Susanoo-no-mikoto. Sixty-six stylized and decorated halberds, one for each province in old Japan, were prepared and erected at Shinsen-en, a garden, along with the portable shrines (mikoshi) from Yasaka Shrine.

- Yasaka Shrine in Kamakura

. Daruma, Smallpox and the color Red .
疱瘡神 Hosogami, the God of Smallpox

. Yakubyoogami 疫病神 / 厄病神 Yakubyogami, Deity of Diseases .
eyami no kami えやみのかみ gyooyakujin 行疫神 gyoyakujin
ekijin, yakujin 疫神 / byoshin 病神 / yakushin 厄神 (ヤクシン)

. Gozu Tenno Legends 牛頭天王伝説 .

. Yasaka Jinja 八坂神社 Yasaka Shrine - Legends .

. geri 下痢と伝説 Legends about dysentery, diarrhea - Durchfall .
sekiri 赤痢 red diarrhea, bloody dysentery // ribyoo 痢病

. kaze 風邪と伝説 Legends about catching a cold .

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- quote -
Itsumade(以津真天) is an eerie bird
featured in the Japanese collection of yōkai pictures, the Konjaku Gazu Zoku Hyakki by Toriyama Sekien published in 1779. Its picture has the explanatory text, "as explained more fully in the Taiheiki, Hiroari shot the eerie bird that cries, 'itsumade itsumade'" (広有いつまでいつまでと鳴し怪鳥を射し事太平記に委し), so it depicts the odd bird that appears in the Taiheiki (circa 14c), volume 12, "Hiroari Shot the Eerie Bird" (広有射怪鳥事, "Hiroari Keteu wo Iru Koto"). The eerie bird in Taiheiki
According to the Taiheiki, around the fall of 1334 (in the Kenmu years), an epidemic illness was causing many deaths and almost every night, an eerie bird appeared on top of the Shishinden (紫宸殿) crying "itsumade itsumade" (until when? Until when?) causing great fear.
The nobility thought back to how the master of arrows Minamoto no Yorimasa slayed the nue and made a request to Okijirō Zaemon Mayumi Hiroari (真弓広有) who splendidly shot down the eerie bird with a kabura-ya.
It is said that the eerie bird had a human-like face, a curved beak, saw-like teeth, a snake-like body, talons as sharp as swords, and a wingspan of about 1 jō and 6 shaku (about 4.8 meters).
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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- - - - - ABC List of the prefectures :

安政５年（１８５７）に風邪が大流行し、京都や大阪から中国・九州地方にかけて大量の病人がでたが、この病にかかった者は、平生に患っていた頭痛や留飲（消化不良）や疝気（下腹部の痛み）が治ったという。流行病というものは体内に長く溜まった毒素を、外に駆除する効果があるらしい。

......................................................................................... Aichi 愛知県
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Akuro Jin 悪路神 the deity Akuro "of the bad roads"
The festival of the Shrine 津島大社 Tsushima Taisha / 津島神社 Tsushima Jinja is held on the 14th day of the 6th lunar month.
All the boats from the area come with about 33000 taimatsu 松明 pine torches bring their sacred fire to the Shrine.
This will cause the Yakushin 厄神 Deity of Disease to go away. That night all people close the doors and windows and keep very quiet.
The Deity 牛頭天王 Gozu Tenno venerated at the Shrine is said to have slain the Akuro Deity. This Deity often comes at night and harms people.

. The river festival at Tsushima shrine .

......................................................................................... Ehime 愛媛県
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松山市 Matsuyama city 中野町 Nakano town

. bikuni densetsu 比丘尼　伝説　Legends about Buddhist nuns .
On the border of 東方 Higashigata and 恵原 Ebara the Buddhist pilgrim nun 妙円尼 Myoen-Ni had died. The villagers from Ebara had displaced her body to the side of Higashigata, where she was finally burried.
If there was densenbyoo 伝染病 an epidemic, the villagers from Ebara got ill, but the villagers from Higashigata did not. This was because the villagers from Higashigata had shown sympathy to the nun.

Myoen-Ni was the daughter of Lord 黒田職隆 Kuroda Mototaka. She was born in 1556.

. henro 遍路 pilgrims .

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Ehime 越智郡 Ochi district 魚島村 Uoshima village

Gion sama no aka hata 祇園様の赤旗 red flag for Gion Sama
To avoid epidemics, people place a small red flag at the entrance, ギオンサン Gion San.
Someone had seen this in Hiroshima and brought the ritual back home.

......................................................................................... Fukuoka 福岡県
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八女郡 Yame district 星野村 Hoshino village

bookon 亡魂 soul
During the Kamakura period, the lord of 黒木城 Kuroki Castle had a difficult illness, so his wife, 春日局 Kasuga no Tsubone,drowned herself at 剣が渕 / 劒が淵 Kengafuchi / Tsurugifuchi with the wish for him to heal. Her soul kept wandering around and people who came there got ill.
行空上人 Saint Gyoko was finally able to appease her soul and bring peace.

- source and details : ms-koga tsurugifuchi -

......................................................................................... Kagawa 香川県
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坂出市 Sakaide city

momote matsuri 百々手祭り "shooting 100 arrows"
This festival is held on the New Year. since after WWII, when it was not allowed to have weapons any more.
The also stopped this on the island 櫃石島 Hitsuishijima, but in this year, an epidemic broke out and many died.
So the villagers decided to have this festival on a different date from now on.
Similar festivals are held in other parts of Japan.

- quote -
Namari Momote is an archery festival held on a Sunday near the first day of the second month of the lunar calendar.
The festival is held at Sanpoko Jingu Shrine in Namari, Takumacho, a town near the tip of the Shonai Peninsula. It is unclear when the festival started, but it is mentioned in historical records from the latter half of the 18th century. Young archers from the area shoot their arrows to pray for bountiful fishing, good harvest, and the safety of the area, as well as to ward off evil. The making of targets is called matofumi and is done within the shrine grounds. The targets are made by pasting paper onto an oval-shaped woven bamboo object nearly two meters in size, then drawing a black circle in the center.
The archery position is Ogasawara Style, where the bow is shot from a slightly crouched posture. The preparation and running of the festival is done mainly by ten families called toya. Both the main family (hondo), representing the families, and the archers undergo a shiogori, a saltwater purification ceremony at the beach. Furthermore, the series of events leading up to the day of the festival follows the old customs almost exactly, and the events' defining characteristic is strict adherence to tradition.
Also, in Namari there is something called kenka momote, where people in the viewing space (yama) hoot and jeer at the archers. It is said that the more the audience does so, the more bountiful the fishing will be.
- source : rekinabi-sanuki.net... -

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Kagawa 小豆郡 Shozu district 内海町 Utsumicho town // 疫痢

daidai kagura ダイダイ神楽 Dai Dai Kagura
At 小豆島 Shodoshima island the Daidai Kagura from the Shrine of Ise 伊勢 comes around the island to purify each home.
But since the beginning of the Meiji period around 1890 it was thought of as improper and stopped. But in this year in all villages an epidemic broke out. They said it was because they stopped the Kagura dance and from next year on, they performed it again.

source : sueyasumas.exblog...

. dai dai kagura, daidai kagura ダイダイ神楽 / 太太神楽 / 太々神楽 dance .

......................................................................................... Kagoshima 鹿児島県
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徳之島与論町 Tokunoshima Yoroncho city

If a kojiki 乞食 begging monk came asking for water and did not get any, there would be an outbreak of an epidemic in the family.
Begging monks should be treated with respect!

. kojiki 乞食 begging monk, Bettelmönch .

......................................................................................... Kanagawa 神奈川県
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小田原市 Odawara city

. 目一つ小僧 Mehitotsu Kozo .
一つ目小僧 Hitotsume Kozo - Young Monk with One Eye
On the 8th day of the 12th lunar month, the 厄神 Yakushin deity comes to check where to start an epidemic. On this day people place a bamboo basket with many holes (eyes) under the eves.
Yakushin dislikes "many eyes" and will not come in this home.

......................................................................................... Kyoto 京都府
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Kyoto 亀岡市 Kameoka 千歳町 Chitose

. kinkei 金鶏と伝説 Legends about the golden rooster .
Niwatorizaka にはとり坂 the slope of the rooster
Once the villagers tried to dig out a golden rooster which was buried under a mound. But there came an arrow with white feathers sticking at the bottom of the slope.
And all the villagers soon died of an epidemic.

......................................................................................... Nagano 長野県

. Advise of not getting ill by an epidemic 流行病にかからない俗信 .

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Nagano 佐久市 Saku city

munagata daimyoojin 胸形大明神 / ムナガタダイミョウジン Munagata Daimyojin Deity
- - - - - 胸形（むなかた）大明神 Munakata Daimyojin
In 北沢村 Kitasawamura village they venerate a deity called Munagata Daimyojin, who protects the village.
Since olden times, if there is disaster coming to the village, someone will have a dream about ti.
If people place a ritual wand at the shrine during an epidemic, it will pass fast.
Once upon a time, the wife みち Michi of of the headman 惣兵衛 Sohei wanted to have a baby and prayed to this deity. She became pregnant but did not give birth for the next 12 months.
Finally she gave to a stone figure with arms and legs, which is now venerated at the Shrine.
There are many shrines with the name
Munakata Jinja 胸形神社（むなかたじんじゃ）in Japan.

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. Oni densetsu 鬼伝説　Regional Demon Legends .
Once upon a time, the shooya 庄屋 headman of the village was the fifth generation of 須江家 the Sue family.
During this time there was an epidemic and many villagers died. To stop the epidemic, the headman vowed to accept all oni 鬼 demons of the epidemic into his estate if the village would be saves.
And indeed, the epidemic stopped.
Since then the family does not throw beans at the demons during 節分 the Setsubun rituals, but open the doors to let them all come in.

- - - - -

shiryoo no haka 死霊の墓 grave for a ghost
Around 1730, one day in the evening a gyooja 行者 pilgrim came to the village and asked for a place to stay over night.
But not one family wanted to accept him. So he went on and in the dark fell down a cliff to his death. Soon afterwards his wife came to look for the body but nobody wanted to help her.
She was very angry and cursed the village. Now an epidemic started in the village.
Later in 1899 the villagers decided to bury the man and give him a proper grave.

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Nagano 東御市 Tomi city 東上田 Higashi-Ueda

. kosodate Jizo 子育て地蔵 child rearing Jizo .
Once there lived a loving couple in the village, but they could not have children. So they went to a Jizo statue nearby and asked Jizo for help. They went there every day, rain or shine.
After a few years they finally had a child. When their beloved child was three years old, it became ill of an emidemic and died. The parents were devastated.
When they went again to the statue of Jizo, they saw a light coming from the back and they heard a voice:
"Your beloved daughter has changed into this Jizo statue. Please love this Jizo like your daughter!"
The couple became happy again and took good care of the statue as long as they lived.

......................................................................................... Nara 奈良県
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葛城市 Katsuragi city // 痢病

kooshin 孝心 filial piety
On the road from the Southern part toward Osaka, there is a pass called 竹の打越. Nearby is the home of a poor family.
The head of the family once suffered of 痢病 the plague. He told his daughter that he would like
to eat some katsuo 鰹 / 鱣 bonito. But since the family was so poor, they could not afford to buy the fish. When the daughter went to draw some water from the river, all of a sudden a bonito was in her bucket. She thought this was a present from heaven and hurried home to prepare the fish for her father. After he had eaten it, his illness became better. Each time the daughter went drawing water, a bonito was in her bucket, until the father was completely healed.
This is a tale to show the merit of filial piety.

......................................................................................... Okayama 岡山県
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八束 Yatsuka 中和村 Chukason village

. kudan 件 / クダン - gyuuki 牛鬼 "bull-demon" .
predicting an epidemic

......................................................................................... Okinawa 沖縄県
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石垣市 Ishigaki city //疫病

egiridori 疫痢鳥 /（エギリドリ）the plague bird
This plague bird has a nocturnal habit. If someone sees it pass, there will be an outbreak of
ekibyoo 疫病 the plague soon.

source : mahoragaillustrations.blogspot...

......................................................................................... Shizuoka 静岡県
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水窪町 Misakubo town

. A Tengu with a lantern brings ekiri 疫痢 epidemic.

......................................................................................... Tokyo 東京都

. The merchant 堯順 Takayasu and a dead child .

. Seisuiji Kannon 清水寺観音 .
Founded in 829 by on request of Emperor 淳和天皇 Junna (active 823 833) - to pray for the end of 流行病 an epidemic

......................................................................................... Tottori 鳥取県
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若桜町 Wakasa town

. A statue of 観音菩薩 Kannon Bosatsu .
- which does not like hospitals for epidemic patients

......................................................................................... Wakayama 和歌山県
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田辺市 Tanabe city

. Amida Nyorai 阿弥陀如来 .
On the mountain road branching off toward 竹の叉 Takenomata there was a sanctuary to venerate 阿弥陀様 Amida Sama.
Once the deity had appeared in the dream of a villager and told him:
"If you make a sanctuary to venerate Amida sama, there will be no more densenbyoo 伝染病 epidemics in 有木 Ariki village."

......................................................................................... Yamanashi 山梨県
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南巨摩郡 Minami-Koma district 南部町 Nanbu town

. Suwa Jinja no Kami 諏訪神社の神 The curse of the Deity of Suwa Shrine .

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Yamanashi 上野原市 Uenohara city 秋山村 Akiyama village

preventing infections with - - - . surumeika スルメイカ squid .

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- reference : nichibun yokai database 妖怪データベース -
ekiri 疫痢 ok
26 流行病 ryukobyo (12)

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2020-01-28

sanshi no mushi legends

The sanshi 三尸 "Three Corpses" or sanchong 三蟲 "Three Worms"
are a Daoist physiological belief that demonic creatures live inside the human body, and they seek to hasten the death of their host.
These three supernatural parasites allegedly enter the person at birth, and reside in the three dantian "energy centers", respectively located within the head, chest, and abdomen. After their human host dies, they are freed from the body and become malevolent ghosts. ...
- Japanese Kōshin
The Japanese folk tradition of 庚申 Kōshin ("57th of the 60-day cycle") combines the Daoist Three Corpses with Shintō and Buddhist beliefs, including the Three Wise Monkeys.
People attend Kōshin-Machi 庚申待 "57th Day Waiting" events to stay awake all night and prevent the Sanshi 三尸 "Three Corpses" from leaving the body and reporting misdeeds to heaven.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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- - - - - ABC List of the prefectures :

三尸という三匹の虫は人間の体内にいる。庚申の夜に就寝すると、三尸は体内から天に昇り天帝にその人間の罪過を報告する。これは人間を早にさせ、自らが早く祀られる存在になりたいからである。庚申の夜には寝てはならないという庚申信仰は、正和二年六月にもあり、短冊詩歌会などを開いて皆寝なかった。

......................................................................................... Yamanashi 山梨県
.......................................................................

sanshichuu 三尸虫 / サンシチュウ the three worms

If one sleeps on the 庚申の日 Koshin Day, the 三尸 three worms come out of the human body and go to heaven.
They report to Ten no Kami 天の神 the God of Heaven about the good and bad deeds of the human, so he/she can be punished.
To prevent these worms to go to heaven, people try not to sleep on this night.
People who do not sleep will live longer.

. Ten no Kami 天の神 the God of Heaven .

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- reference : nichibun yokai database 妖怪データベース -
12 to explore

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. Kaido highway legends 街道と伝説 - - ABC list .

. animals and their legends 動物と伝説 - - ABC list .

. plants and their legends 　植物と伝説 - - ABC list .

. trees and their legends 　樹木, 木と伝説 - - ABC list .

. Persons, People, Personen and their legends - - ABC list .

. Legends about Kobo Daishi Kukai - 弘法大師　空海 - 伝説 .

. Japanese legends and tales 伝説　民話　昔話 - Introduction .

- Yookai 妖怪 Yokai Monsters of Japan -

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2020-01-26

taimatsu torch legends

. Taimatsu Torch Festivals in Japan .
- Introduction -
hi no saiten 火の祭典　Fire Festivals where people carry torches

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- - - - - ABC List of the prefectures :

......................................................................................... Aichi 愛知県

. Shrine 津島大社 Tsushima Taishi / 津島神社 Tsushima Jinja .
Fire Festival

......................................................................................... Ehime 愛媛県
.......................................................................
南宇和郡 Minami-Uwa district 愛南町 Ainan town

Before drawing wakamizu 若水 the first water of the year, people light the water surface with taimatsu 松明 a torch.
In former times they could see Fuku no Kami in the water.

. Legends about Fuku no Kami 福の神 God of Good Luck and Happiness .

......................................................................................... Fukushima 福島県
.......................................................................
いわき市 Iwaki city

hi matsuri 火祭り fire festival
During the O-Bon festival for the ancestors, according to the lunar calendar from day 13 to day 17 of the 7th month, there was a large fire festival.
Large torches were made from wheat straw. The children put fire to the torches and carried them up to 横手山 Mount Yokoteyama. From there they threw them into the valley. But there was never a large fire in the mountain forest.
In a village were they stopped this custom, they had fires and often a diarrhea epidemic. So they continued the fire festival the next year again.
.
. geri 下痢と伝説 Legends about dysentery, diarrhea - Durchfall .

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- reference : nichibun yokai database 妖怪データベース -
08 火祭り (01)
50 松明 to collect

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. Kaido highway legends 街道と伝説 - - ABC list .

. animals and their legends 動物と伝説 - - ABC list .

. plants and their legends 　植物と伝説 - - ABC list .

. trees and their legends 　樹木, 木と伝説 - - ABC list .

. Persons, People, Personen and their legends - - ABC list .

. Legends about Kobo Daishi Kukai - 弘法大師　空海 - 伝説 .

. Japanese legends and tales 伝説　民話　昔話 - Introduction .

- Yookai 妖怪 Yokai Monsters of Japan -

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2020-01-24

Kudan Yokai Legends

The Kudan (件, literally "matter", more creatively translated as
"human-faced bovine")
is a yōkai which became widely known throughout Japan during the first half of the 19th century.
Etymology
The kanji for kudan is composed of two characters: hito (人, "human"), and ushi (牛, "cow" or "bull").
"Like the Kudan"
Throughout Western Japan, the idiom "like the kudan" (件の如し, kudan no gotoshi) began to appear on deeds and official documents. The phrase indicated that "As the prophecy [of the kudan] is always true, so too is the information in this document." However, while the description of the kudan did not appear until the late Edo Period, the idiom "like the kudan" has been documented since the Heian period. It appears on page 128 of the early 11th century book The Pillow Book. For this reason, the relationship between the phrase "like the kudan" and the yōkai is considered an anachronistic one.
Appearance
Traditionally, the kudan is depicted as having the head of a human and the body of a bovine. Subsequent depictions have occasionally switched these elements and placed the head of a bovine onto the body of a human similar to a Minotaur.
Ushi-onna
During the period of post war reconstruction which followed World War II, another rumour similar to that of the kudan started to appear. Instead of a human-faced bovine, the creature spoken of was a kimono-wearing woman with a cow's face, referred to as ushi-onna (牛女, lit. "cow woman").
Interpretation
The most widespread interpretation of the kudan comes from the Edo period, in which it is described as a creature which—despite being born from a cow—has the ability to use human speech. The creatures invariably die just a few short days after their birth,[3] yet in that time they are said to coincide with some major event. Sometimes these events bring various misfortunes such as poor crop harvest, natural disasters, or sickness, only for the kudan to die when the event has come to pass.
They are also said to issue prophecies of things to come. These prophecies typically depict bleak happenings such as war. A kudan was rumoured to have predicted Japan's defeat during World War II. Despite this, pictures and talismans of the kudan are still seen as good luck charms due to their association with honesty.
- Historical appearances
- Media appearances
- Video games
- source : wikipedia -

. ushi oni, ushioni, gyuuki 牛鬼 "bull-demon" .
Gyuki ギュウキ, Goki ゴキ / Kudan 件クダン

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- quote -

Kudans - Japanese belief in cow-human hybrids
In Japan, there is a centuries-old belief that rare hybridization between human beings and cows occurs. These animals, known as kudans, are supposedly short-lived and infallible seers — they are born, speak their prophecies and promptly die.
Such trust is placed in these purported prophecies that related sayings have entered the language, such as “honest as a kudan.” And people widely wear, or at least have worn in the past, pictures of supposed kudans as amulets, with the idea that they provide a tutelary function.
..... During World War II a kudan was supposed to have been born in Kyoto and in its prophecy it predicted that people that ate beans and rice within a certain time period would survive the bombings. Needless to say, consumption of those two foods promptly skyrocketed. .....
- source : macroevolution.net/kudans... -

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- - - - - ABC List of the prefectures :

......................................................................................... Okayama 岡山県
.......................................................................
八束 Yatsuka willage 中和村 Chukason village

. Kudan predicting war, harvest and an epidemic .

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- reference : nichibun yokai database 妖怪データベース -
90 件 to collect

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. Kaido highway legends 街道と伝説 - - ABC list .

. animals and their legends 動物と伝説 - - ABC list .

. plants and their legends 　植物と伝説 - - ABC list .

. trees and their legends 　樹木, 木と伝説 - - ABC list .

. Persons, People, Personen and their legends - - ABC list .

. Legends about Kobo Daishi Kukai - 弘法大師　空海 - 伝説 .

. Japanese legends and tales 伝説　民話　昔話 - Introduction .

- Yookai 妖怪 Yokai Monsters of Japan -

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2020-01-22

surume squid legends

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. imikotoba 忌み言葉 Taboo words. .
Taboo words associated with things such as the mountains, fishing, the New Year and night, were also found among ordinary people. They were very important to those who lived conscious of the everyday existence of kami and spirits.
Certain of these, such as atarime (for dried squid, surume) and
etekō (for monkey, saru, whose homophone means "depart" and is used as a euphemism for death, and therefore is inauspicious) have entered everyday speech.

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. awabi densetsu あわび /　鰒　/ 鮑伝説　abalone legends .
If someone gets ill from eating abalone, it is best to boil surume squid and eat it.

awabi 鰒 is sometimes written with the same character as fugu 鰒河豚鰒 / ふぐ puffer fish.

. fugu 河豚 / 鰒 / 鯸 / 魨 blowfish, puffer fish .

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- - - - - ABC List of the prefectures :

If someone suffers from the poison of fugu 鰒 puffer fish, he can be healed by eating スルメ（イカ / 柔魚） Surume.

......................................................................................... Fukui 福井県
.......................................................................
今立郡 Imadate district 池田町 Ikeda town

. hebi 蛇と伝説 Legends about snakes and serpents .
For amagoi 雨乞い a rain ritual people go to Daikoku no Ike 大黒の池 "Lake for Daikoku"and make an offering of a plate with surume スルメ squid, sake 酒 rice wine and kudamono 果物 fruit.
If the offerings fall into the lake smoothly, it will soon rain.
At the lake there lives hebi 蛇 a snake.

. amagoi 雨乞いと伝説 Legends about rain rituals / Regenzauber .

......................................................................................... Iwate 岩手県
.......................................................................
大船渡市 Ofunato city 三陸町 Sanriku town

. kitsune densetsu 狐と伝説 fox legends .
A man was carrying surume スルメ squid in his backpack. When he came to the tunnel, the bamboo grass begun to rattle spookily, He felt like hit by a stroke of lightning in the head, or like having water poured over his head, or like being lifted up by his mouth or ears. He thought this might be a fox and said loudly*
"I will not be bewitched by you, never!"
He took some surume スルメ squid into his hand and walked on. When another person came from the other side, the spook stopped immediately.

......................................................................................... Nagano 長野県

Advise of not getting ill by an epidemic 流行病にかからない俗信:
Carry ninniku ニンニク garlic and surume スルメ squid in a bag when walking around.
Hanging garlic, ノビル・アジサイ・スベリヒユなど at the front door.
Write the letter for uma 馬 horse three times on paper and hang it upside down at the front door.
Write 流行神様お通りください」 "God of the Epidemic, please pass by this home" and hang it upside down at the front door.

. hayariyamai はやり病 / 流行病と伝説 Legends about epidemics .

......................................................................................... Niigata 新潟県
.......................................................................
佐渡市 Sado city

. . setsubun 節分 "seasonal divide" rituals .
Before throwing the beans, people eat rice with takebashi 竹箸 chopsticks made from bamboo, pierce some surume スルメ squid on the chopsticks and roast the squid.
This is then hanged at the front door.

......................................................................................... Osaka 大阪府
.......................................................................
岸和田市 Kishiwada city

. kaze no kami 風邪の神 Deity of the common cold .
- dislikes the smell of roasted Surume.

......................................................................................... Yamanashi 山梨県
.......................................................................
上野原市 Uenohara city 秋山村 Akiyama village

If there is hayariyamai はやり病 an epidemic in the area, people hang surumeika スルメイカ squid at the entrance.

. hayariyamai はやり病 / 流行病と伝説 Legends about epidemics .

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- reference : nichibun yokai database 妖怪データベース -

::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

. Kaido highway legends 街道と伝説 - - ABC list .

. animals and their legends 動物と伝説 - - ABC list .

. plants and their legends 　植物と伝説 - - ABC list .

. trees and their legends 　樹木, 木と伝説 - - ABC list .

. Persons, People, Personen and their legends - - ABC list .

. Legends about Kobo Daishi Kukai - 弘法大師　空海 - 伝説 .

. Japanese legends and tales 伝説　民話　昔話 - Introduction .

- Yookai 妖怪 Yokai Monsters of Japan -

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2020-01-20

tsuwari morning sickneck legends

- BACK to the Daruma Museum -
. Japanese legends and tales 伝説民話昔話 - Introduction .
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tsuwari つわりと伝説 Legends about morning sickness
kuseyami クセヤミ

- quote -
Morning sickness, also called nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP), is a symptom of pregnancy that involves nausea or vomiting.
Despite the name, nausea or vomiting can occur at any time during the day. Typically the symptoms occur between the 4th and 16th week of pregnancy. About 10% of women still have symptoms after the 20th week of pregnancy.
A severe form of the condition is known as hyperemesis gravidarum and results in weight loss.
- source : wikipedia -

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- - - - - ABC List of the prefectures :

......................................................................................... Fukushima 福島県
.......................................................................
Fukushima いわき市 Iwaki town

otoko no kuseyami 男のクセヤミ morning sickness of a man
Once a farmer with a lung disease was greatly discriminated by the fellow villagers.
Some whispered that his wife had also caught the disease. After a while all rumours died down and then his wive gave birth.
Now the villagers understood that the couple had suffered from kuse クセ（tsuwari つわり） morning sickness.

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- reference : nichibun yokai database 妖怪データベース -
kuseyami クセヤミ 8 to explore
tsuwari つわり 11 to explore

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. Kaido highway legends 街道と伝説 - - ABC list .

. animals and their legends 動物と伝説 - - ABC list .

. plants and their legends 　植物と伝説 - - ABC list .

. trees and their legends 　樹木, 木と伝説 - - ABC list .

. Persons, People, Personen and their legends - - ABC list .

. Legends about Kobo Daishi Kukai - 弘法大師　空海 - 伝説 .

. Japanese legends and tales 伝説　民話　昔話 - Introduction .

- Yookai 妖怪 Yokai Monsters of Japan -

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2020-01-18

kosodate yurei ghost

yuurei kosodate ame 幽霊子育て飴
"candy for a ghost bringing up a baby"
Ghost candy for her kid / 'child-rearing-candy'
Once long a go,
a pale woman in a light blue kimono bought just one piece of candy every night at midnight. The shopkeeper was suspicious and followed her, but she vanished at the graveyard. He entered and heard a faint sound of crying of baby near a newly marked grave. He dug in the grave and found a living baby in the coffin beside a dead woman.
The pregnant woman had died and been buried, but her unborn baby was not dead and in her motherly love she tried to keep it alive.
The shopkeeper adopted the baby and the shop with this sweet is there to our day ...
From Minatoya, Kyoto みなとや

......................................................................................... Kochi 高知県
.......................................................................
安芸郡 Aki district 奈半利 Nahari

. The mother 由里 Yuri died of lung disease .

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- reference : nichibun yokai database 妖怪データベース -
15 子育て幽霊 (01)

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. Kaido highway legends 街道と伝説 - - ABC list .

. animals and their legends 動物と伝説 - - ABC list .

. plants and their legends 　植物と伝説 - - ABC list .

. trees and their legends 　樹木, 木と伝説 - - ABC list .

. Persons, People, Personen and their legends - - ABC list .

. Legends about Kobo Daishi Kukai - 弘法大師　空海 - 伝説 .

. Japanese legends and tales 伝説　民話　昔話 - Introduction .

- Yookai 妖怪 Yokai Monsters of Japan -

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2020-01-16

sekito stone tower legends

source : 滋賀県石塔寺

Ishidooji 石塔寺（いしどうじ）Temple Ishido-Ji
滋賀県東近江市石塔町860

..............................................................................................................................................

. sotooba 卒塔婆と伝説 Legends about Sotoba grave markers .
gorintoo, gorintō 五輪塔 Gorinto, "five-ringed tower", is another version of the Sotoba.

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- - - - - ABC List of the prefectures :

......................................................................................... Akita 秋田県
.......................................................................
山本郡 Yamamoto district 二ツ井町 Futatsui //五輪塔

. 荒神様 Kojin Sama at 房住山 Mount Boju .

......................................................................................... Chiba 千葉県
.......................................................................
銚子市 Choshi city

At the shrine 御嶽神社 Mitake Jinja
の海亀墓石塔にまつわる伝承。S42年，イワシ漁の最中にウミガメを巻き込んで殺してしまった。その後一ヶ月ほどは漁に出ても網に入ったイワシが皆出て行ってしまうことが続いたが，石塔を建立して供養すると漁ができるようになった。

......................................................................................... Kyoto 京都府
.......................................................................
伏見 Fushimi

下鳥羽の南、横大路村街道の東、飛鳥田神社の例祭の御旅所の傍らの榎の下に、高さ5尺程の五輪の塔婆がある。昔の村長の塔であるといい、夜な夜な怪異をなすという。あるとき勇猛の人が太刀で斬ったところ、血の跡が残ったという。

. Fushimi Kaido 伏見街道 Fushimi Highway .

.......................................................................

sekitoo 石塔 / セキトウ / shakutoo しゃくとう stone pagoda / 五輪の塔婆
South of 下鳥羽 Shimo-Toba, in the East of 横大路村街道 the Yoko-Oji there is the Shrine 飛鳥田神社 Asukata Jinja.
During the annual grand festival, the otabisho 御旅所 resting place for the Mikoshi, is arranged under the large enoki 榎 nettle tree.
There is a stone pagoda of about 1.50 meter.
In former times this was the grave marker of the village elder, but it would produce strange and weird things.
Once a brave Samurai cut it in half with his large sword. Oh wonder, blood begun to flow out of the wound.
And then the village was quiet again.

......................................................................................... Tokyo
.......................................................................
足立区 Adachi ward

yuurei 幽霊 ghost
At 江戸柳原 Yanagihara in Edo a woman had died in 1683 in the summer.
At that time a ghost had appeared in the evening and pulled the sleeve of a maid servant. When she came back from her errant, the whole sleeve had disappeared. Next morning she went to the grave of the dead woman and found the sleeve hanging on sekito 石塔 the grave stone pagoda.

......................................................................................... Yamanashi 山梨県

gorinzaka ゴリンザカ
In 都留市, 矢島員雄氏の畑の畔にある五輪の石塔のそばの坂をゴリンザカというが、これはこの石塔があるからとも、誰かがこの坂で5厘拾ったからとも、武士のゴリンサンが切腹した場所だからともいう。なお、馬に乗ってこの坂の石塔の前を通り過ぎるものは、必ず落馬するという。

.......................................................................
北都留郡 Kita-Tsuru district

. shikazuka no tatari 鹿塚のたたり curse of the deer mound .
at 諏訪神社 Suwa Shrine of 川久保 Kawakubo

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- reference : nichibun yokai database 妖怪データベース -
43 to explore (03)
27 五輪塔 gorinto (01)

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. Kaido highway legends 街道と伝説 - - ABC list .

. animals and their legends 動物と伝説 - - ABC list .

. plants and their legends 　植物と伝説 - - ABC list .

. trees and their legends 　樹木, 木と伝説 - - ABC list .

. Persons, People, Personen and their legends - - ABC list .

. Legends about Kobo Daishi Kukai - 弘法大師　空海 - 伝説 .

. Japanese legends and tales 伝説　民話　昔話 - Introduction .

- Yookai 妖怪 Yokai Monsters of Japan -

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. Join the friends on Facebook ! .

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