2020-03-28

nekomata cat legends

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. Japanese legends and tales 伝説 民話 昔話 - Introduction .
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nekomata 猫又と伝説 Legends about the Nekomata cat monster
猫また / 猫股 / 猫胯 / ネコマタ

Nekomata are a kind of cat yōkai described in Chinese and then Japanese folklore, classical kaidan, essays, etc.
There are two very different types:
- those that live in the mountains and - domestic cats that have grown old and transformed.
Nekomata are often confused with Bakeneko.
- quote wikipedia-

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. bakeneko 化け猫 / 化猫 "monster cat" .
- Introduction -

. bakeneko 化け猫 / 化猫と伝説 Legends about monster cats .

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tamadare no yoneko 玉垂の妖猫 monster cat


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kinka shichihenge 金花七変化 seven changes in gold flowers


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- - - - - ABC List of the prefectures :


......................................................................................... Ehime 愛媛県
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If a cat walks over a dead body, it will become 猫股 a Nekomata.
The family must take care and watch that no cat enters the room where a dead body is kept.




......................................................................................... Fukushima 福島県
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双葉郡 Futaba district 浪江町 Namie town // 赤猫

akaneko yashiki 赤猫屋敷 Mansion with a red cats
There was a lonely cat in the home and when the woman was left alone home, the cat begun to sing a song for her.
"But you must not tell anybody about my songs, lest you die!" the cat warned her.
When the other family members came back, they heard the woman sing and asked, where she had learned the song.
So the woman told them about the cat, but she died the next night.




......................................................................................... Ishikawa 石川県
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小松市 Komatsu city // 赤猫

The grandfather of a certain family cherished his akaneko 赤猫 a red cat. One day the red cat said: "When 「前田利常 Lord Maeda Toshitsune (1594 - 1658) dies, there will be a great storm at his funeral. There will be flowers from gold and silver decorated around him, so you have to wait until all the other people have gone and then take the gold and silver home!"
Grandfather did as the cat had advised him and lived a luxury life ever after.

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Ishikawa 能美郡 Nomi district 白峰村 Shiramine village

Once a Samurai wanted to drive out a nekomata 猫又 monster cat.
He shot an arrow at it and hit its hip. The cat fell from the tree and run away.
Soon after an old woman named お菊 O-Kiku was about to die.
When the Samurai touched her robes, he found his arrow.
The old women died soon afterwards.
13 years ago, the nekomata 猫又 monster cat had killed the old woman and shape-shifted into her form.




......................................................................................... Kagawa 香川県

If a cat turns old, it becomes 猫また a Nekomat with two tails and dances on its hind legs.
People give it fish with Tofu and put a red tenugui 手拭 hand towel on its head. Thus the cat wll leave the home.

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Priest 隠元 Ingen (1592 - 1673) from the temple 大滝寺 Otaki-Ji went upstream the river 吉野川 Yoshinogawa, where a fisherman attacked him and tried to kill him. But he was helped by a cat.
After three years keeping the cat, it turned to 猫また a Nekomata. It lived in the main hall of the temple and drove out all the mice. Soon it became a disciple of Priest Ingen.
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A cat that had been kept well by an old woman turned to 猫また a Nekomata. It killed the old woman and ate it.
Then it shape-shifted to the old woman, but was killed by the son of the old woman.




......................................................................................... Kanagawa 神奈川県
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Kanagawa 相模原市 Sagamihara

If a dog attacks a human and eats it, that means the dog is ill and has a fire in his intestines, that get away with the human meat.
If a cat dies, an ill person will get better again.
If a person has died, the cat of the home has to be put into a cage, otherwise the dead will come back to life, drink some water and will turn into a nekomata 猫又 monster cat.

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Kanagawa 津久井郡 Tsukui district

If a cat sits on a dead body, it gains special powers.
If a cat drinks waster from a bamboo ladle in the kitchen, it gains the power of 1000 people.
If one hits such a cat with a broom, it will fall down from the dead body. Thus a broom should be placed nearby.




......................................................................................... Kyoto 京都府
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南丹市 Nantan city

In the shade of a valley there lived a nekomata 猫又 monster cat, which was much feared by the local villagers.
Then came the Samurai 伊藤基 Ito Motoi and killed it.




......................................................................................... Miyazaki 宮崎県
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児湯郡 Koyu district 新富町 Shintomi town

Sometimes a cat goes wandering after being fed for one year in a home.
In the mountain forest it looks for the stump of matsu 松 a pine tree and rub the pine resin on its skin. Then it seeks a place with sand to dry.
That way no arrow or bullet will penetrate it.
After two or even seven years, it will come back to the home and haunt the people.
akaneko 赤猫 red cats are especially prone to become a nekomata 猫股 monster cat.




......................................................................................... Niigata 新潟県
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Nekomata Inari Shrine 猫又稲荷 / 土橋稲荷神社 Tsuchibashi Inari Shrine
Around 1882, there lived a monster on 重倉山 Mount Shigemurayama (1029 m).
It often came down to the village and caused great damage. The villagers complained at the government in Takada. Some officials were sent out to drive away the monster. At 中ノ俣 Nakanomata they fought with the monster but could not kill it, neigher with arrows or guns. So they asked the skilled hunter 吉十郎 Kichijuro to hit it and thus got rid of it. But Kichijuro got hurt himself and died soon after.
The monster was placed in front of the official residence. It was a cat as big as a small bull.
Later the bones were buried in a ground that became Tsuchibashi Inari Shrine, better known as 猫又稲荷 Nekomata Inari Shrine.

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akaneko 赤猫
Once a family had a Sake ricewine party when a yamabushi 山伏 mountain priest came along to drink with them.
Next morning the body of the priest lay on the ground, but the head was missing.
He had told the villagers that there would be a huge flooding and to prevent it, he would throw akaneko 赤猫 a red cat into the lake to prevent it. But the master of the lake, the Dragon God Ryujin 龍神 became angry and took away his head.
. ryuujin 竜神 /龍神 と伝説 Ryujin, Legends about the Dragon Deity .





......................................................................................... Okayama 岡山県
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岡山市

There were three nekomata 猫又 cat monsters, at 掌善寺 Shozenji, ごま屋 Gomaya and きさ屋 Kisaya.
They wanted to capture the dead body of Grandpa Gomaya and decided to eat it.
The priest Gengo heard about this.
While the family was walking toward the graveyard, there was a loud thunder and all the people fled in fear.
In the black clouds there were the three cats, trying to get the dead body.
Now the priest from the temple Shozen-Ji hit the cat with his prayer beads.
The cat lost one eye and died soon after.




......................................................................................... Shimane 島根県
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松江市 Matsue city

Once the cat from a temple got old and turned into a nekomata 猫又 cat monster.
At night it took the priest's robes, put them on and walked in the villge, chanting religious songs.
Finally they drove the cat away from the temple.
Five days later, they found the body of a drowned cat in the pond behind the temple.




......................................................................................... Tokyo 東京都
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nekomatabashi 猫又橋 Nekomata bridge
In the outskirts of 小石川区 Koishikawa ward there was a bridge called Nekomatabashi. It had a bad reputation and children avoided to walk there.

Nekomata-zaka 猫又坂 Nekomatazaka slope
Bunkyo City, 13

- reference source : sakagakkai.org... -

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Around 1700 at the temple 徳水院 Tokusui-In in the compound of 増上寺 Zojo-Ji there was akaneko 赤猫 a cat with red hair.
Once it was hunting mice when it fell from the beam of the roof.
It called out a short prayer, so people thought it must be a nekomata cat monster.
Then it disappeared.

. Zoojooji, Zōjō-Ji 増上寺 Zojo-Ji .
the family temple of the Tokugawa family

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Around 1796, six friends had gathered at a tea house to drink.
When the owner of the tea house later went to one of guest's home to collect the money, they told him the man had died seven years ago.
The owner remembered that the guest had gulped down three pieces of fish, head and bones and all . . .
it must have been a nekomata 猫また monster cat.


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- reference : nichibun yokai database 妖怪データベース -
赤猫 OK

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. Kaido highway legends 街道と伝説 - - ABC list .

. animals and their legends 動物と伝説 - - ABC list .

. plants and their legends  植物と伝説 - - ABC list .

. Persons, People, Personen and their legends - - ABC list .

. Legends about Kobo Daishi Kukai - 弘法大師 空海 - 伝説 .

. Japanese legends and tales 伝説 民話 昔話 - Introduction .

- Yookai 妖怪 Yokai Monsters of Japan -

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2020-03-26

horagai conch legends

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. Japanese legends and tales 伝説 民話 昔話 - Introduction .
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horagai 法螺貝 と伝説 Legends about conch shells, Muschelhorn

- quote -
Horagai (法螺貝) (or jinkai (陣貝)
are large conch shells, usually from Charonia tritonis,
that have been used as trumpets in Japan for many centuries. The instrument, which has served a number of purposes throughout Japanese history, has been given a number of Japanese names depending on its function. Special schools still teach students to play the traditional music associated with the conch. The conch shell, blown as a trumpet, served a number of purposes in Japanese history. It is called jinkai (陣貝), horagai (法螺貝), or a number of other names in Japanese depending on its function.
The conch is perhaps most associated with its use by Buddhist monks for religious purposes. Its use goes back at least 1,000 years, and it is still used today for some rituals, such as the omizutori (water drawing) portion of the Shuni-e rites at the Tōdai-ji in Nara.Each Shugendo schools have his own conch schell melodies which can be recognised by every Yamabushi...
Unlike most shell trumpets from other parts of the world which produce only one pitch, the Japanese hora or horagai can produce three or five different notes. The process of transforming a shell into an instrument is kept somewhat secret, but it involves the attachment of a bronze or wooden mouthpiece to the apex of the shell's spire. At freezing temperatures (often encountered in the mountainous regions of Japan) the player's lips freeze to the metal surface, so some players prefer wooden or bamboo mouthpieces. The symbolism of the conch schell form inside the Buddhist Dharma is the sanscrit letter BAN which is Cosmic Buddha: Dainichi Nyorai.
The hora is especially associated with the yamabushi, ascetic warrior monks of the Shugendo sect. The yamabushi used the trumpet to signal their presence (or movements) to one another across mountaintops and to accompany the chanting of sutras.
In war, the shell, called jinkai, or 'war shell', was used as a signaling trumpet.
A large conch would be used and fitted with a bronze (or wooden) mouthpiece. It would be held in an openwork basket and blown with a different combination of "notes" to signal troops to attack, withdraw, or change strategies, in the same way a bugle or flugelhorn was used in the west. The trumpeter was called a kai yaku (貝役). The jinkai served a similar function to drums and bells in signaling troop formations, setting a rhythm for marching, providing something of a heroic accompaniment to encourage the troops and confusing the enemy by inferring that the troop numbers were large enough to require such trumpeters. Many daimyo (feudal lords) enlisted yamabushi to serve as kai yaku, due to their experience with the instrument.
- source : wikipedia -

. yamabushi 山伏 "ascetic mountain priest" .
- Introduction -

. horagaisoo 法螺貝草 "conch trumpet plant" .
horagai mochi 法螺貝餅 Horagai sweets
gyooja mochi 行者餅 Mochi for Yamabushi mountain priests


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- - - - - ABC List of the prefectures :


......................................................................................... Nagano 長野県
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南佐久郡 Minami-Saku district 小海町 Koumi town

Takanebayashi no horagaishi 高根林のほらが石
conch-shell stone of Takanebayashi forest

North of the forest of 諏訪神社 Suwa Jinja there is a stone looking like a horagai 法螺貝 consh-shell.
If there are strange things to happen in the village, the stone makes a warning sound of a conch-shell.
Nearby is also a statue of 地蔵様 Jizo Bosatsu, and some call the stone
Jizo no horagaishi 地蔵のほらが石 conch-shell stone of Jizo.

. Jizō - Jizo Bosatsu 地蔵菩薩 - ABC List .




......................................................................................... Tottori 鳥取県
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智頭 Chizu town

. kitsune densetsu 狐と伝説 fox legends .
Once a child was bewitched by a fox. A Buddhist priest performed rituals and blew his horagai ホラ貝 conch shell during the whole night. Next morning the child was dead.



......................................................................................... Yamagata 山形県
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最上郡 Mogami district
. nogitsune / Yako 野狐 fox Yokai monster .


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- reference : nichibun yokai database 妖怪データベース -
31 法螺貝 to collect

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. Kaido highway legends 街道と伝説 - - ABC list .

. animals and their legends 動物と伝説 - - ABC list .

. plants and their legends  植物と伝説 - - ABC list .

. trees and their legends  樹木, 木と伝説 - - ABC list .

. Persons, People, Personen and their legends - - ABC list .

. Legends about Kobo Daishi Kukai - 弘法大師 空海 - 伝説 .

. Japanese legends and tales 伝説 民話 昔話 - Introduction .

- Yookai 妖怪 Yokai Monsters of Japan -

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2020-03-24

kenmon kenmun legends

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kenmon ケンモン と伝説 Legends about the Kenmon monster
kenmun ケンムン // hinotoragami ヒノトラガミ Hi no Tora Kami


. Turtle, turtoise, tortoise (kame) .
- Introduction -



kenmun ケンムン hinotoragami ヒノトラガミ
Kenmun is a kind of sea turtle Yokai, friend of Kappa san.


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......................................................................................... 鹿児島県 Kagoshima
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Kenmun live near アコウの木 / ガジュマルの木 the banyan trees . They like Sumo wrestling and often come to lure farmers at the beach, who are making salt.
Kenmun also does Sumo wrestling with Yamanokami.


ケンムン at Isen village 伊仙町(徳之島 Tokunoshima)
The Kenmun is related to legends about Yamanokami.
A man was walking in the evening when suddenly a kind of fireball came rolling down, with stones and all. He fled to his home as fast as he could.
There he hung up some amulets, but the flames kept lurking around his house all night.
Next day he killed a pig and hung the legs up. This helped him not to loose his own light.

. Yama no Kami 山の神 God of the Mountain .
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kenmun ケンムン / けんもん kenmon

If someone is sleeping in 砂糖小屋 the hut of the sugar makers and a Kenmun comes in, it is best to kick him out.
The Kenmun walks around the sugar pot and tries to lick some. If he does, the sugar will not get hard any more.
The Kenmun often sits in a corner so as not to disturb the sugar makers. Eventually the Kenmun will leave. Sometimes he leaves a blue fire fart when he goes.
Once a man was staying in the hut for the sugar makers when a Kenmun came in and asked:
"What are you most afraid of?" The man answered "Oh, I am afraid of money. And you?"
"I am afraid of octopus" said the Kenmun. The next day when the Kenmun came in the worker threw an octopus at him and he fled.
Next morning there was a lot of money at the door . . .
If someone tries to make 黒砂糖 brown sugar and does not succeed, they say it is the mischief of Kenmun.
The Kenmun was later celebrated as a deity at 井之川岳 Mount Inokawadake (645 m) and has never been seen again.
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海亀の卵をとるために、海岸の小屋で生活していたが、仕事が終わって帰ってみると火のそばにケンムンが坐っていた。人の気配にケンムンは慌てて入口から出ていったが、その際狭い入口から空気のようにすり抜けていった。

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Kagoshima 大島郡 Oshima district 瀬戸内町 Setouchi

kenmun ケンムン and hi no tama 火の玉 fire ball
旧暦の4月の頃の夜、産卵に来る海亀の見張りに行ったら、ガジュマルに直径10センチメートルぐらいの真白い火の玉がついた。火の玉はみるみる1メートルぐらいになり、その直後数百の玉になって散った。それはケンムンである。

kenmun from Uken village 大島郡 字検村
Once a woman was about to give birth. Her husband went to ガジュマルの木 a Gajumaru tree where he saw a Kenmun with two children. They let him know that his child would die when it was 19 years old.

kenmun 水蝹 water spirit
Kenmun are hairy water and tree spirits from the Amami islands in southern Japan. ...
- source : yokai.com/kenmun... -


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- reference : nichibun yokai database 妖怪データベース -
kenmon ケンモン 25 to explore
kenmun ケンムン 鹿児島県 159 to collect
check files


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. Kaido highway legends 街道と伝説 - - ABC list .

. animals and their legends 動物と伝説 - - ABC list .

. plants and their legends  植物と伝説 - - ABC list .

. trees and their legends  樹木, 木と伝説 - - ABC list .

. Persons, People, Personen and their legends - - ABC list .

. Legends about Kobo Daishi Kukai - 弘法大師 空海 - 伝説 .

. Japanese legends and tales 伝説 民話 昔話 - Introduction .

- Yookai 妖怪 Yokai Monsters of Japan -

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2020-03-22

Karukaya

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. ABC List of Contents - Nara Period .
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Karukaya 苅萱 an illustrated book


- CLICK for more photos !

- quote -
Karukaya, Japan's First Illustrated Book
"Karukaya is a so-called 'companion story' ascribed to Japan's Muromachi period, approximately 590 years ago. I see it to be Japan's oldest illustrated book. This view of course is not meant to overlook the large bulk of painted handscrolls produced in the preceding Heian and Kamakura eras (roughly 900 to 1300 AD).
However, in the genre of illustrated storybooks, Karukaya can probably be taken with relative confidence as a historic starting point (even though art historians have yet to reach a definitive conclusion on the matter)."
--Yusaku Kamekura, from Creation v. 7 (1990)

This work is now held in the Suntory Museum of Art.
- source and more photos : 50watts.com/Karukaya..-

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室町時代に描かれた絵入本
「苅萱(かるかや)」の素朴すぎる世界観よ

今回紹介するのは2013年に日本民藝館で行われた「つきしま かるかや」という展覧会で築島とともに展覧会タイトルにもなっている「苅萱(かるかや)」です。
「苅萱」は苅萱道心と名乗り修行を続ける父と、母とともに父親探しの旅に出る息子 石童丸の逸話「苅萱伝説」を描いた絵入本で、室町時代に刊行されました。
そして苅萱に描かれている絵が、築島の絵のタッチに負けず劣らずのユルさっぷりなんです。

- reference source : mag.japaaan.com/archives... -


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- quote -
The Muromachi period (室町時代, Muromachi jidai, also known as the Muromachi era, the Ashikaga era, or the Ashikaga period) is a division of Japanese history running from approximately 1336 to 1573. The period marks the governance of the Muromachi or Ashikaga shogunate (Muromachi bakufu or Ashikaga bakufu), which was officially established in 1338 by the first Muromachi shōgun, Ashikaga Takauji, two years after the brief Kenmu Restoration (1333–1336) of imperial rule was brought to a close. The period ended in 1573 when the 15th and last shogun of this line, Ashikaga Yoshiaki, was driven out of the capital in Kyoto by Oda Nobunaga.
From a cultural perspective,
the period can be divided into the Kitayama and Higashiyama periods (later 15th – early 16th centuries).
The early years
from 1336 to 1392 of the Muromachi period are known as the Nanboku-chō or Northern and Southern Court period. This period is marked by the continued resistance of the supporters of Emperor Go-Daigo, the emperor behind the Kenmu Restoration. The years from 1465 to the end of the Muromachi period are also known as the Sengoku period or Warring States period.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !


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. Japanese Legends - 伝説 民話 昔話 – ABC-List .

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2020-03-20

hatsuka day 20 legends

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hatsuka 二十日 と伝説 Legends about day 20 of a month

. hatsuka iwai 二十日祝い celebrating on January 20 .



January 20 is a special "New Years Day" (hatsuka shogatsu 二十日正月) in Japan.
The Samurai class took this as a special ritual and prepared special food for this day. The ladies of the house where allowed for the first time now to take the cover off the mirror and look at their faces. They also could eat the rice cakes that had been put as offerings before the mirror boxes (kyoodai 鏡台).

Officially this was the last day of New Years celebrations, where folks would cook rice with red soy beans (sekihan 赤飯) and eat the last New Year cakes to celebrate.

In the area of Kyoto and Osaka, the leftover bones of yellowtail (buri) offered during the New Year celebrations were cooked and eaten (New Year bones, hone shoogatsu 骨正月).

It was also the day when the God of Good Luck, Ebisu, had his first festival.

. hatsuka Ebisu 二十日戎 (はつかえびす) Ebisu on January 20 .
hatsuka Ebisu matsuri 二十日戎祭 Ebisu Ceremonies in Edo and the Kanto area


Asakusa Hatsuka Ebisu 浅草廿日戎 Festival in Asakusa


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hate no hatsuka 果ての二十日 the final day 20
An evil day, to avoid angering the Yamanokami山の神 Kami of the Mountains, people should not enter a mountain.
..... the 20th day of the 12th lunar month, the day when all Oni become free,
. Inozasa-O 猪笹王 Wild Boar became an Oni Demon .


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. Basho visiting Okamoto Taiso 岡本苔蘇 - .

During his stay at the Gourd Bamboo Hermitage, 松尾芭蕉 Matsuo Basho wrote the following hokku:



花を宿に始め終りや二十日ほど
hana no yado ni hajime owari ya hatsuka hodo

at this lodging with cherry blossoms
from beginning to end -
about twenty days


Basho enjoyed his time there just as long as the cherry blossoms were in full bloom.
Written in the spring of 1688 元禄元年春.


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hatsuka nezumi 二十日鼠 / 廿日鼠 / ハツカネズミ house mouse, white moues
family Mus
Its gestation period is roughly 20 days.




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- - - - - ABC List of the prefectures :

Many legends and customs about day 20 are related to Yamanokami:
On these days there are various taboos for the farmers and forest workers.

. Yamanokami Legends from Ehime 愛媛県 .

. Yamanokmai Legends from Hiroshima 広島県 .

. Yamanokami Legends from Mie 三重県 .

. Yamanokami Legends from Saga 佐賀県 .

. Yamanokami and Tengu Legends from Toyama 富山県 .

. Yamanokami Legends from Yamaguchi 山口県 .


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There are various regional Ebisuko ceremony and festival groups on this day

. Ebisu-koo, Ebisukoo 恵比寿講 / 夷講 / エビス講 Ebisu Ko .



......................................................................................... Gunma 群馬県
.......................................................................
甘楽郡 Kanra district

O-Ebisu san オエビスサン / オエベツ さん Ebetsu san is venerated in the ceremony groups on
January and November 20.
Ebisu is a wealthy person who gets out to work early in the morning on day 20 of January and comes back late at night on Day 20 in November.
The morning of January 20 is called asa Ebisu 朝エビス Ebisu in the morning.
People prepare special food to see him off.
The evening of November 20 is called yuu Ebisu 夕エビス Ebisu in the evening.



......................................................................................... Nara 奈良県
.......................................................................
春日町 Kasuga town

kaii 怪異 something weird
In the year 1791, on day 20 in August, the official day of audiences with the regent, there was a huge storm and rain.
The shinboku 神木 sacred tree of the Shrine 春日大社 Kasuga Taisha and the tooroo 燈篭 stone lantern in the park fell down.




......................................................................................... Saga 佐賀県
.......................................................................
鎮西町 Chinzei town

おちょす様 O-Chosu sama
At the wayside there was sacred a rock named O-Chosu sama and people venerated 藁葺き屋根の木 a tree where the bark was used for roof tiles.
On day 20 of the New Year, children used the rock as target for shooting arrows.
Once the villagers wanted to remove the rock, but that would bring bad luck.




......................................................................................... Shimane 島根県

If people prepare chikara mochi 力餅 rice cakes to bring strenth, on day 20 of the New Year, they will all become strong in the coming year.

. chikara mochi 力餅 Mochi to bring strength .




......................................................................................... Tokushima 徳島県

The last day 20 of the year in December in the local dialect is called
hatsuru hatsuka 果つる二十日
On this day many bad things can happen and people refrain from going very far, doing a great house-cleaning, having a wedding ceremony or do sentaku 洗濯 a lot of washing.

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Tokushima 阿南市 Anan city

hate no hatsuka 果ての二十日 the last day 20 of the year
A large man of almost 2 meters lived in the village. He was very stubborn and did not listen to the warnings of his family.
On the last day 20 of the year he went to the mountain to split rocks for a wall. On his way back he met a horse carriage with barrels of 生石灰 lime stones.
A voice ordered him "Climb up on this carriage!", so he climbed up on a board and when he was on the barrels with the stones, he wanted to let the board down. One of the barrels fell into the pond. Then one of the barrels fell on him and eventually he burned to death.




......................................................................................... Toyama 富山県



On day 20 of January Ebisu Sama goes to 北海道 Hokkaido to work.
On 十一月二十日 day 20th of Novewmber, Ebisu Sama comes back from 北海道 Hokkaido and brings money.




......................................................................................... Yamagata 山形県
.......................................................................
西村山郡 Nishi-Murayama district

sakenosuke サケノスケ the Salmon named Sakenosuke
On Day 20 of the 10th lunar month during the hatsuka Ebisu 二十日講 Ebisu rituals, the fish comes upriver calling out
「サケノスケ今通る」 Sakenosuke is now passing !
and hitting a cutting board with a kitchen knife.
Anybody who hears his voice will die soon.

. sake no oosuke 鮭の大助 the salmon called Osuke .




......................................................................................... Yamanashi 山梨県
.......................................................................
都留市 Tsuru city

On Day 20 of January Ebisu san goes out to work and make money. The family sees him off with an auspicious meal of sekihan 赤飯 red rice.
If they forget to prepare the rice, the family will not make much money in the coming year.

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- reference : nichibun yokai database 妖怪データベース -

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. Kaido highway legends 街道と伝説 - - ABC list .

. animals and their legends 動物と伝説 - - ABC list .

. plants and their legends  植物と伝説 - - ABC list .

. trees and their legends  樹木, 木と伝説 - - ABC list .

. Persons, People, Personen and their legends - - ABC list .

. Legends about Kobo Daishi Kukai - 弘法大師 空海 - 伝説 .

. Japanese legends and tales 伝説 民話 昔話 - Introduction .

- Yookai 妖怪 Yokai Monsters of Japan -

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- #hatsuka #daytwenty #hatsukaebisu #asaebisu #ebisuko #恵比寿講 #夷講 #エビス講 . -
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2020-03-06

Gozan Bungaku Literature

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Gozan Bungaku 五山文学 Literature of the Five Mountains


五山文学研究 / 堀川貴司

虎関師錬 Kokan Shiren (1278-1346)
寂室元光 Jakushitsu Genko (1290-1367)
雪村友梅 Sesson Yubai (1290-1347)
中巌円月 Chugan Engetsu (1300-1375)
愚中周及 Guchu Shukyu (1323-1409)
義堂周信 Gido Shushin (1325-1388)
絶海中津 Zekkai Chushin (1334-1405)
瑞渓周鳳 Zuikei Shuho (1392-1473)
万里集九 Banri Shuku (1428-?)
横川景三 Osen Keisan (1429-1493)
策彦周良 Sangen Shuryo (1501-1579)


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- quote -
The literature of the Five Mountains (Japanese: 五山文学, gozan bungaku)
is the literature produced by the principal Zen (禅) monastic centers of the Rinzai sect in Kyoto and Kamakura, Japan.
The term also refers to five Zen centers in China in Hangzhou and Ningpo that inspired zen in Japan, while the term "mountain" refers to a Buddhist monastery.
Five Mountains literature or gozan bungaku (五山文學)
is used collectively to refer to the poetry and prose in Chinese produced by Japanese monks during the 14th and 15th centuries. Included are works by Chinese monks residing in Japan.
The period witnessed a widespread importation of cultural influences from Song and Yuan period China that in many ways transformed Japan.
- source : wikipedia english -




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- Reference in Japanese 五山文学 -
- reference : wikipedia -



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2020-03-03

Hinamatsuri Doll Festival legends

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. Japanese legends and tales 伝説 民話 昔話 - Introduction .
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hina matsuri 雛祭と伝説 Legends about the Doll Festival


shiawasebina しあわせ雛 Happy Hina Dolls
Usaburo Kokeshi (卯三郎こけし) - Gunma

. Hina Doll Festival (hina matsuri 雛祭り) - March 03 .
- Introduction -


- CLICK on the photos below to see Hina Doll decorations from the prefectures!
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Hinazuru Jinja 雛鶴神社 (ひなづるじんじゃ) Hinatsuru Shrine
山梨県都留市朝日曾雌 Tsuru city, Asahi Soshi
Dedicated to Hinazuru Hime 雛鶴姫 Princess Hinazuru, Tsuruhime Sama 鶴姫さま



She was the wife of 護良親王 Moriyoshi Shinno, who's head is venerated at the Shrine 石船神社 Iwafune Jinja.

- quote -
Prince Moriyoshi (護良親王, Moriyoshi Shinnō, also called Prince Morinaga or Prince Oōtōnomiya) (1308 – 1335) was a Japanese prince and monk.
He was the son of Emperor Go-Daigo and his consort Minamoto no Chikako.
His wife was Princess Hinatsuru. She was pregnant and fled to Yamanashi.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !


- - - - - A legend from Yamanashi, 秋山村 Akiyama village:
In this village, people do not decorate with kadomatsu 門松 pine decorations.
Princess Hinazuru had fled to this village and died here on December 28.
So there was no time to put up pine decorations.
People stick a branch of the kunugi 椚 / 櫟 sawtooth oak, Quercus acutissima in the ground instead.

. kadomatsu 門松と伝説 Legends about pine decorations .


There is another Shrine with this name at Uenohara, Yamanashi.




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- - - - - ABC List of the prefectures :

In the year 1745, at the home of 中山大納言栄親卿 Nakayama Dainagon Naruchika the things decorated in his home seemed moving and ceramic pieces were floating around.
He had purifucation rituals held and died in the autumn of the year.
When the family decorated Hina dolls next year in March, the dolls begun to laugh.



......................................................................................... Kagawa 香川県
.......................................................................
木田郡 Kita district 三木町 Miki town

At the home of 三平 Sanpei, who lived near the graveyard at 二ノ坂 Ninosaka, they decorate Hina dolls and talk to them in a loud voice.
One day there was a fire at the home, but the Hina dolls seemed to come alive and rolled out of the danger.

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Kagawa 三豊市 Mitoyo city 仁尾町 Nio town

shishi koma 獅子駒 / シシコマ rice cake offerings like animals


Once there was the castle of 細川越中の守 the Hosokawa regent of Etchu, but the castle was lost in war and 長曽我部氏 Lord Chosokabe commited suicide on the day of the Hina Doll Festival.
Therefore the people of the area do not decorate Hina dolls in March, but on hassaku 八朔 the first of August.
His soul came back as a strange beast, and caused much trouble. To appease his soul people prepared special rice cakes.

. hassaku 八朔 (はっさく) first of August .
Many people in Western and Central Japan prepare these rice cakes for the Hassaku rituals.
hassakubina, hassaku hina 八朔雛

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......................................................................................... Kumamoto 熊本県
.......................................................................
玉名郡 Tamana district 南関町 Nankan town

Once upon a time
A father of two sons told them to leave home for three years to learn something and then come back.
The elder son became a skilled carpenter.
The other brought two beautiful ひーなさん Hina dolls - he had stolen them from the home where he had worked, and thus became a thief.

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......................................................................................... Niigata 新潟県
.......................................................................
糸魚川市 Itoigawa city

On March 3, the day of the Hina Matsuri it usually rains.
It also rains if people do not pack the dolls away on the fourth day it will rain and a daughter of such a home will have a hard time finding a husband.

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......................................................................................... Shizuoka 静岡県
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磐田市 Iwata city

. ujigami 氏神 clan KAMI deities .
The clan deities do not like Hina dolls and the villagers to not celebrate on March 3.
If a family keeps dolls, they would have bad luck and get ill.

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......................................................................................... Tokyo 東京都
.......................................................................
八王子市 Hachioji city

Two beautifully dressed girls kept going up and down the staircase. When the housewife went up there, she fould an old box in the corner with Hina dolls.
These two had wanted to be shown again and thus the family offered them to the local Shinto Shrine.

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......................................................................................... Yamagata 山形県

miruna no zashiki みるなの座敷 "don't look in the living room"
In the mansion there was a special room where men were not allowed to look inside.
One man did not adhere to this rule and stepped inside.
The first room was decorated for the New Year,
The second room was for the hatsu-uma 初午 first day of the horse in February.
The third one was for the Hina Doll festival in March.
May was for taue 田植え planting the rice fields.
June was for pulling weeds from the fields.
July (not August) was for bon odori 盆踊り the Bon dance.
September was for inekari 稲刈り cutting the rice.
October was for dakkoku 脱穀 threshing.
When he looked in the last room for December, there was a very strong snowstorm and the man died in the cold.

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......................................................................................... Yamanashi 山梨県
.......................................................................
富士吉田市 Fuji Yoshida

If the Hina dolls are not taken out for display until the 28th of February, they will begin to cry.

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Yamanashi Tsurushibina Kan つるし雛館 Museum for Tsurushibina hanging dolls
- reference source : katorihomes.com/blog... -


. tsurushibina, tsurushi bina つるし雛 / 吊るし雛 small hanging hina dolls .
These small dolls are suspended from the ceiling, an umbrella or a large branch ...

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- reference : nichibun yokai database 妖怪データベース -

::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

. Kaido highway legends 街道と伝説 - - ABC list .

. animals and their legends 動物と伝説 - - ABC list .

. plants and their legends  植物と伝説 - - ABC list .

. trees and their legends  樹木, 木と伝説 - - ABC list .

. Persons, People, Personen and their legends - - ABC list .

. Legends about Kobo Daishi Kukai - 弘法大師 空海 - 伝説 .

. Japanese legends and tales 伝説 民話 昔話 - Introduction .

- Yookai 妖怪 Yokai Monsters of Japan -

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- #hinaningyo #hinadoll #hinamatsuri #dollfestival #hinafestival #hinaturu -
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2020-02-14

fundoshi loincloth legends

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. Japanese legends and tales 伝説 民話 昔話 - Introduction .
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fundoshi 褌と伝説 Legends about the loincloth
koshimaki 腰巻 "hip wrapper" waistcloth for women
tafusagi 犢鼻褌 / たふさぎ / タフサギ loincloth 
source : store.ponparemall.com...


. fundoshi 褌 / ふんどし loincloth .
otoko no noren 男の暖簾 "the door curtain of a man"
- Introduction -

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. oni no fundoshi 鬼の褌 loincloth of Demons .
Oni are usually depicted with bull horns and tiger fangs, wearing loincloths made of tiger skin.
(Tigers were not known in Japan.)


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- - - - - ABC List of the prefectures :


kamanari 釜鳴 / narukama 鳴釜 "the singing kettle"
In the countryside, if the kama 釜 kettle would "sing" and make a sound at night, the farmers would wrap fundoshi 褌 a new loincloth for a woman upside-down around it.


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......................................................................................... Gifu 岐阜県
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高山市 Takayama city 荘川村 Shokawa village // 六尺褌

yamainu 山犬 wolf
1920年ごろまでは、山を歩くと山犬(狼)が着いて回ったという。山犬は谷があると山を廻って水を潜って人を待ち伏せする。人は、六尺褌の先に環を作ってぶら下げていくといい。




......................................................................................... Ibaraki 茨城県
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那珂郡 Naka district

kitsune tsuki 狐憑き bewitched by a fox
昔、へんなふうになってしまった女の人がいて、頭から半天を被ったり褌をつけて部屋で腰巻1丁になって逆立ちしたりした。大光院のワカサマに御祈祷してもらうと狐憑きとわかったのでガキ様に油揚げ・お強飯をあげた。




......................................................................................... Ishikawa 石川県
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羽咋郡 Hakui district 志賀町 Shika town

sanmai Taroo サンマイタロウ / 三昧太郎 A Yokai monster from Ishikawa
褌の前垂れを杭で打ちつけたのを、サンマイタロウにキンタマをつかまれたと思い込んだ。




......................................................................................... Iwate 岩手県
.......................................................................
田野畑村 Tanohata village

kappa 河童
兄の河童の尻はいつまでも紫色だったので、弟の河童が抜きたがった。兄はうるさくて仕方がないので鍛冶屋に頼んで尻当金を作ってもらい、それを当てて褌で締めて隠していたという。

. Kappa legends from Iwate 岩手県 .




......................................................................................... Kagoshima 鹿児島県
.......................................................................
大島郡 Oshima district

kenmon ケンモン
ある男がケンモンと七日後に相撲をとる約束をした。妻が物知りのところに相談に行くと、鉄のやかんの蓋を身につけていけばよいと言われたので、袋形の褌に鉄のやかんの蓋を入れて相撲をとった。ケンモンは鉄のやかんに触れたとたん、崩れ落ちて逃げた。
. kenmun ケンムン / けんもん kenmon .

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Kagoshima 大島郡 Oshima district 喜界町Kikai town

mun no hi ムンノヒ ? じゃんじゃん火
物の火のことをいう。イザリ(夜魚をとること)をやっていると、波打ち際に小さな火が無数に点滅して、イザリの火を奪いに来る。奪いに来る火は大きい。褌をぶらさげるか、つばを吐くと逃げる。




......................................................................................... Kyoto 京都府
.......................................................................
京都市 Kyoto city

Near 東洞院 the Temple Higashi no To-In, ushiguruma 牛車 an ox cart rushed by
and surpassed a woman of about 30 years.
The oxen looked at the woman and stopped. The woman could also not move any more.
The cattle driver took the tafusagi たふさぎ loin cloth of the woman and wrapped it around the eyes of the oxen.
Now the oxen could move again and the woman also.
When the woman reached home, she fell down dead.




......................................................................................... Niigata 新潟県
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Yama no kami 山の神
山での失せものさがしは、男は褌をはずして、山の神に男根を見せたり、男根をふれば見つかる。
. Yamanokami Legends from Niigata 新潟県 .




......................................................................................... Osaka 大阪府
.......................................................................
天王寺区 Tennoji ward

当寺(四天王寺)の庚申堂は、大宝元年正月7日の庚申の日、僧に感徳があった霊場で、本朝最初の庚申とされる。昔、12月の庚申の日を仕舞庚申と俗に言い、その日に庚申堂へ裸体で参詣すれば遺尿が治ると言って、裸に褌のみで参詣する者が多かった。

. Shitenno-Ji 四天王寺 Temple in Osaka .




......................................................................................... Shiga 滋賀県
.......................................................................
蒲生郡 Gamou district 日野町 Hino town

. Doing Sumo at 綿向神社 Watamuki Jinja .

. ema 絵馬 votive tablet at 明王院 Myo-O-In .




......................................................................................... Okayama 岡山県
.......................................................................

okuri ookami 送り狼
狼が山道などで人間の後にくっついて来るのを送り狼という。転ぶと飛びつかれて噛み殺されてしまう。予防するには、狼につけられた時に、帯なり褌なりをといて地面にひきずるとよい。
. okuri ookami 送り狼 "a wolf following someone" - legends .




......................................................................................... Okinawa 沖縄県
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石垣市 Ishigaki city

. majin 魔神 the devil and his loincloth .

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Okinawa 国頭郡 Kunigami district 本部町 Motobu town

yookai 妖怪 a monster
ウチテーガネクは妖怪が出る場所として知られていた。夜間に妖怪の出る場所を通るときには、魔除けとして男は褌を頭からかぶり、女は簪を抜いて髪をかき乱し、簪を口にくわえて通るとどんな妖怪でも退散すると言い伝えられている。




......................................................................................... Tochigi 栃木県
.......................................................................
馬頭町 Batomachi

. Setsubun present for an old woman .




......................................................................................... Yamaguchi 山口県
.......................................................................
宇部市 Ube city

oohito sokuseki 大人足跡
昔、大人が内海を跨ぎ越そうとしたが、そのとき褌が海中に浸って死んだ。そのときの足跡があり、1反歩ばかりある。


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- reference : nichibun yokai database 妖怪データベース -
褌 OK // 33 腰巻 koshimaki (00)

::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

. Kaido highway legends 街道と伝説 - - ABC list .

. animals and their legends 動物と伝説 - - ABC list .

. plants and their legends  植物と伝説 - - ABC list .

. trees and their legends  樹木, 木と伝説 - - ABC list .

. Persons, People, Personen and their legends - - ABC list .

. Legends about Kobo Daishi Kukai - 弘法大師 空海 - 伝説 .

. Japanese legends and tales 伝説 民話 昔話 - Introduction .

- Yookai 妖怪 Yokai Monsters of Japan -

::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::



. Join the friends on Facebook ! .

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[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
- #fundoshi #koshimaki #waistwrapper #loincloth #waistcloth -
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2020-02-10

manju steamed buns legends

- BACK to the Daruma Museum -
. Japanese legends and tales 伝説 民話 昔話 - Introduction .
::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

manjuu 饅頭と伝説 Legends about Manju steamed buns

. manjuu まんじゅう / 饅頭 steamed buns in all seasone .
buns filled with bean jam
- Introduction -


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- - - - - ABC List of the prefectures :


......................................................................................... Osaka

. Shotoku Taishi 聖徳太子 and Manju .
Tn the village 天王寺村 Tennoji they never sell manju 饅頭 steamed buns.



......................................................................................... Tokyo 東京
.......................................................................
Asakusa district

. Manju for a fox .


..............................................................................................................................................


- reference : nichibun yokai database 妖怪データベース -
45 饅頭 to collect

::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

. Japanese legends and tales 伝説 民話 昔話 - Introduction .

- Yookai 妖怪 Yokai Monsters of Japan -

::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::



. Join the friends on Facebook ! .

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[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
- #manjuu #manju #steamedbuns #buns #food -
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2020-02-08

namazu catfish legends

- BACK to the Daruma Museum -
. Japanese legends and tales 伝説 民話 昔話 - Introduction .
::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

namazu なまず / 鯰 / 鮧と伝説 Legends about the catfish



. namazu なまず / 鯰 / 鮧 catfish - der Wels .
- Introduction -

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namazu ナマズ / 鮧

鮧のない土地に鮧が生じれば、洪水が起こるという。関東の地には鮧が古来いなかったが、鮧が現れると果たして洪水が起こった。その後も漁師が他の魚をとれないほど大量に発生し、大きいものは5、6尺に達した。10年を経て漸減していったという。奇妙なことだ。


::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
- - - - - ABC List of the prefectures :


.........................................................................................  Buzen 豊前国
- Now part of Fukuoka Prefecture and Ōita Prefecture
.......................................................................


. Otsuka Shoemon 大塚庄右衛門 .
and 瀬川藤介 Segawa Tokichi

..............................................................................................................................................


- reference : nichibun yokai database 妖怪データベース -

鮧 - OK // 24 鯰 (00)

::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

. Kaido highway legends 街道と伝説 - - ABC list .

. animals and their legends 動物と伝説 - - ABC list .

. plants and their legends  植物と伝説 - - ABC list .

. trees and their legends  樹木, 木と伝説 - - ABC list .

. Persons, People, Personen and their legends - - ABC list .

. Legends about Kobo Daishi Kukai - 弘法大師 空海 - 伝説 .

. Japanese legends and tales 伝説 民話 昔話 - Introduction .

- Yookai 妖怪 Yokai Monsters of Japan -

::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::



. Join the friends on Facebook ! .

::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

[ . BACK to DARUMA MUSEUM TOP . ]
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
- #namazu #wels #catfish -
::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::